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      Ultrastructure of spermatozoa in three cicada species from China (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha, Cicadidae)

      research-article
      1 , 1
      ZooKeys
      Pensoft Publishers
      Cicadoidea, Cicadomorpha, Hemiptera, Insecta, morphology, sperm

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          The ultrastructure of mature spermatozoa of three cicada species, Subpsaltria yangi , Karenia caelatata , and Platypleura kaempferi , was investigated using epifluorescence and transmission electron microscopies. This is the first investigation of the sperm ultrastructure of species in the subfamily Tibicininae and the tribe Sinosenini , represented by S. yangi and K. caelatata , respectively. The three species all produce two or three types of spermatozoa with various lengths, viz., polymegaly. The centriolar adjunct of spermatozoa in S. yangi shows a granular substructure, which is different from that of other cicada species, suggesting that spermatozoa in Tibicininae may have their own characteristics in comparison with other cicadas. The centriolar adjunct of spermatozoa of K. caelatata displays characteristics similar to that of the Cicadinae . Combined with other morphological characters, it is reasonable to remove K. caelatata and its allies (i.e., Sinosenini ) from Cicadettinae to Cicadinae . The study of sperm ultrastructure, particularly in the species of Tibicininae and Sinosenini , expands the spermatological research of Cicadidae and provides more information for phylogenetic analysis of Cicadidae .

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          Most cited references46

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          An appraisal of the higher classification of cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea) with special reference to the Australian fauna

          M. Moulds (2005)
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            Eunuchs: The Role of Apyrene Sperm in Lepidoptera?

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              The long and short of sperm polymorphisms in insects.

              Production of more than one morphological type of sperm in a common testis has been documented for a variety of invertebrates, including gastropods, spiders, centipedes, and insects. This unusual phenomenon is difficult to explain by current theory, particularly since available evidence indicates that one sperm type is often incapable of effecting fertilization. In this review we critically examine evidence on the distribution and development of sperm heteromorphisms among insects in light of competing hypotheses for the evolutionary origin, maintenance, and function of a non-fertilizing class of sperm. To date, no single hypothesis, including alternatives which assume non-fertilizing sperm are non-adaptive, or that they provision, facilitate, or compete with fertilizing sperm, has received strong empirical support by any group of insects. The diversity of sperm heteromorphisms suggests that non-fertilizing sperm may have different functions in different clades or even serve multiple functions within a clade. We suggest that insight could be gained from (1) new models for the evolution of sperm polymorphism, (2) comparative studies that focus on multiple traits simultaneously (e.g. sperm number, proportion, length, and remating rate) and utilize clades in which more than one gain or loss of sperm heteromorphism has been documented (e.g. Pentatomidae, Carabidae, or Diopsidae), and (3) experimental studies that exploit individual variation or directly manipulate the composition of the male ejaculate.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                ZooKeys
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2018
                26 July 2018
                : 776
                : 61-80
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education,
                [2 ] College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Cong Wei ( congwei@ 123456nwsuaf.edu.cn )

                Academic editor: A. Sanborn

                Article
                10.3897/zookeys.776.26966
                6072832
                bed8c350-d23d-4663-abfb-6898fbecffbd
                Beibei Cui, Cong Wei

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 27 May 2018
                : 11 June 2018
                Categories
                Research Article
                Cicadidae
                Hemiptera
                Invertebrata
                Systematics
                Taxonomy
                Asia
                China

                Animal science & Zoology
                cicadoidea,cicadomorpha,hemiptera,insecta,morphology,sperm
                Animal science & Zoology
                cicadoidea, cicadomorpha, hemiptera, insecta, morphology, sperm

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