449
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    11
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found

      Common variants in ABCA7, MS4A6A/MS4A4E, EPHA1, CD33 and CD2AP are associated with Alzheimer’s disease

      research-article
      1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 6 , 7 , 7 , 7 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 10 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 12 , 12 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 15 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 17 , 18 , 14 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 22 , 22 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 23 , 23 , 26 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 23 , 27 , 23 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 36 , 35 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 37 , 37 , 38 , 37 , 41 , 42 , 41 , 42 , 41 , 43 , 41 , 43 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 44 , 44 , 44 , 45 , 45 , 46 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 25 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 51 , 52 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 5 , 5 , 59 , 60 , 61 , the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 62 , 63 , 64 , 63 , 64 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 66 , 71 , CHARGE consortium, 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 76 , 77 , 78 , EADI1 consortium, 79 , 79 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 81 , 82 , 79 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 86 , 86 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 87 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 90 , 89 , 91 , 4 , 92 , 88 , 89 , 89 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 98 , 99 , 99 , 100 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 105 , 106 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 94 , 1 ,   1 , 84 , 79 , 11 , 5 , 1 , 1 , , 2 , 3 , 4 , 92 , 1 ,
      Nature genetics

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          We sought to identify new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) through a staged association study (GERAD+) and by testing suggestive loci reported by the Alzheimer’s Disease Genetic Consortium (ADGC). First, we undertook a combined analysis of four genome-wide association datasets (Stage 1) and identified 10 novel variants with P≤1×10 −5. These were tested for association in an independent sample (Stage 2). Three SNPs at two loci replicated and showed evidence for association in a further sample (Stage 3). Meta-analyses of all data provide compelling evidence that ABCA7 (meta- P 4.5×10 −17; including ADGC meta- P=5.0×10 −21) and the MS4A gene cluster (rs610932, meta- P=1.8×10 −14; including ADGC meta- P=1.2×10 −16; rs670139, meta- P=1.4×10 −9; including ADGC meta- P=1.1×10 −10) are novel susceptibility loci for AD. Second, we observed independent evidence for association for three suggestive loci reported by the ADGC GWAS, which when combined shows genome-wide significance: CD2AP (GERAD+ P=8.0×10 −4; including ADGC meta- P=8.6×10 −9), CD33 (GERAD+ P=2.2×10 −4; including ADGC meta- P=1.6×10 −9) and EPHA1 (GERAD+ P=3.4×10 −4; including ADGC meta- P=6.0×10 −10). These findings support five novel susceptibility genes for AD.

          Related collections

          Most cited references39

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          A method and server for predicting damaging missense mutations

          To the Editor: Applications of rapidly advancing sequencing technologies exacerbate the need to interpret individual sequence variants. Sequencing of phenotyped clinical subjects will soon become a method of choice in studies of the genetic causes of Mendelian and complex diseases. New exon capture techniques will direct sequencing efforts towards the most informative and easily interpretable protein-coding fraction of the genome. Thus, the demand for computational predictions of the impact of protein sequence variants will continue to grow. Here we present a new method and the corresponding software tool, PolyPhen-2 (http://genetics.bwh.harvard.edu/pph2/), which is different from the early tool PolyPhen1 in the set of predictive features, alignment pipeline, and the method of classification (Fig. 1a). PolyPhen-2 uses eight sequence-based and three structure-based predictive features (Supplementary Table 1) which were selected automatically by an iterative greedy algorithm (Supplementary Methods). Majority of these features involve comparison of a property of the wild-type (ancestral, normal) allele and the corresponding property of the mutant (derived, disease-causing) allele, which together define an amino acid replacement. Most informative features characterize how well the two human alleles fit into the pattern of amino acid replacements within the multiple sequence alignment of homologous proteins, how distant the protein harboring the first deviation from the human wild-type allele is from the human protein, and whether the mutant allele originated at a hypermutable site2. The alignment pipeline selects the set of homologous sequences for the analysis using a clustering algorithm and then constructs and refines their multiple alignment (Supplementary Fig. 1). The functional significance of an allele replacement is predicted from its individual features (Supplementary Figs. 2–4) by Naïve Bayes classifier (Supplementary Methods). We used two pairs of datasets to train and test PolyPhen-2. We compiled the first pair, HumDiv, from all 3,155 damaging alleles with known effects on the molecular function causing human Mendelian diseases, present in the UniProt database, together with 6,321 differences between human proteins and their closely related mammalian homologs, assumed to be non-damaging (Supplementary Methods). The second pair, HumVar3, consists of all the 13,032 human disease-causing mutations from UniProt, together with 8,946 human nsSNPs without annotated involvement in disease, which were treated as non-damaging. We found that PolyPhen-2 performance, as presented by its receiver operating characteristic curves, was consistently superior compared to PolyPhen (Fig. 1b) and it also compared favorably with the three other popular prediction tools4–6 (Fig. 1c). For a false positive rate of 20%, PolyPhen-2 achieves the rate of true positive predictions of 92% and 73% on HumDiv and HumVar, respectively (Supplementary Table 2). One reason for a lower accuracy of predictions on HumVar is that nsSNPs assumed to be non-damaging in HumVar contain a sizable fraction of mildly deleterious alleles. In contrast, most of amino acid replacements assumed non-damaging in HumDiv must be close to selective neutrality. Because alleles that are even mildly but unconditionally deleterious cannot be fixed in the evolving lineage, no method based on comparative sequence analysis is ideal for discriminating between drastically and mildly deleterious mutations, which are assigned to the opposite categories in HumVar. Another reason is that HumDiv uses an extra criterion to avoid possible erroneous annotations of damaging mutations. For a mutation, PolyPhen-2 calculates Naïve Bayes posterior probability that this mutation is damaging and reports estimates of false positive (the chance that the mutation is classified as damaging when it is in fact non-damaging) and true positive (the chance that the mutation is classified as damaging when it is indeed damaging) rates. A mutation is also appraised qualitatively, as benign, possibly damaging, or probably damaging (Supplementary Methods). The user can choose between HumDiv- and HumVar-trained PolyPhen-2. Diagnostics of Mendelian diseases requires distinguishing mutations with drastic effects from all the remaining human variation, including abundant mildly deleterious alleles. Thus, HumVar-trained PolyPhen-2 should be used for this task. In contrast, HumDiv-trained PolyPhen-2 should be used for evaluating rare alleles at loci potentially involved in complex phenotypes, dense mapping of regions identified by genome-wide association studies, and analysis of natural selection from sequence data, where even mildly deleterious alleles must be treated as damaging. Supplementary Material 1
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group* under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease

            Neurology, 34(7), 939-939
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD). Part II. Standardization of the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease.

              The Neuropathology Task Force of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) has developed a practical and standardized neuropathology protocol for the postmortem assessment of dementia and control subjects. The protocol provides neuropathologic definitions of such terms as "definite Alzheimer's disease" (AD), "probable AD," "possible AD," and "normal brain" to indicate levels of diagnostic certainty, reduce subjective interpretation, and assure common language. To pretest the protocol, neuropathologists from 15 participating centers entered information on autopsy brains from 142 demented patients clinically diagnosed as probable AD and on eight nondemented patients. Eighty-four percent of the dementia cases fulfilled CERAD neuropathologic criteria for definite AD. As increasingly large numbers of prospectively studied dementia and control subjects are autopsied, the CERAD neuropathology protocol will help to refine diagnostic criteria, assess overlapping pathology, and lead to a better understanding of early subclinical changes of AD and normal aging.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                9216904
                2419
                Nat Genet
                Nat. Genet.
                Nature genetics
                1061-4036
                1546-1718
                9 April 2011
                03 April 2011
                May 2011
                01 November 2011
                : 43
                : 5
                : 429-435
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
                [2 ]Inserm U744, F-59019 Lille, France.
                [3 ]Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019, Lille, France.
                [4 ]Université de Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France.
                [5 ]Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
                [6 ]National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London, UK.
                [7 ]Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London, UK.
                [8 ]Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
                [9 ]Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
                [10 ]Mercer’s Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
                [11 ]Institute of Genetics, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
                [12 ]Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, UK.
                [13 ]Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
                [14 ]Neurodegeneration and Mental Health Research Group, School of Community Based Medicine, University of Manchester, Hope Hospital, Stott Lane, Salford, Manchester, UK.
                [15 ]Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing (OPTIMA), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
                [16 ]Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical Sciences Division. University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford. OX3 7BN. UK.
                [17 ]Dementia Research Group, University of Bristol Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK.
                [18 ]Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
                [19 ]Cerebral Function Unit, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK.
                [20 ]Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
                [21 ]Reta Lilla Weston Laboratories, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
                [22 ]Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
                [23 ]Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
                [24 ]German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
                [25 ]Institute for Molecular Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
                [26 ]Department of Psychiatry, University of Göttingen, Germany.
                [27 ]Department of Psychiatry, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3WQ, UK.
                [28 ]Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
                [29 ]Department of Psychiatry, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
                [30 ]Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
                [31 ]Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
                [32 ]Department of Neurology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
                [33 ]Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
                [34 ]Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
                [35 ]Department of Psychiatry, Psychsomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
                [36 ]Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
                [37 ]Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
                [38 ]Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
                [39 ]Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
                [40 ]Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.
                [41 ]Institute Born-Bunge and University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
                [42 ]Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerpen, Belgium.
                [43 ]Memory Clinic and Department of Neurology, ZNA Middelheim, Antwerpen, Belgium.
                [44 ]Department of Mental Health Sciences, University College London, UK.
                [45 ]The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
                [46 ]MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
                [47 ]Third Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
                [48 ]Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
                [49 ]Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
                [50 ]Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
                [51 ]Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
                [52 ]Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
                [53 ]Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
                [54 ]Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
                [55 ]Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
                [56 ]Department of Neurology, St. Olav’s Hospital, Edvard Griegs Gate 8, 7006 Trondheim, Norway.
                [57 ]Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
                [58 ]Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
                [59 ]Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
                [60 ]Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
                [61 ]Mayo Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
                [62 ]Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database ( www.loni.ucla.edu\ADNI). As such, the investigators within the ADNI contributed to the design and implementation of ADNI and/or provided data but did not participate in analysis or writing of this report. ADNI investigators include (complete listing available at www.loni.ucla.edu\ADNI\Collaboration\ADNI_Authorship_list.pdf).
                [63 ]Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
                [64 ]Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, The Netherlands.
                [65 ]Departments of Neurology and Biostatistics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachussets, USA.
                [66 ]The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachussets, USA.
                [67 ]Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
                [68 ]Department of Neurology, The Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
                [69 ]Department of Psychiatry, The Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
                [70 ]Neuroepidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry (LJL), National Institute on Aging, Washington DC, USA.
                [71 ]Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachussets, USA.
                [72 ]Inserm U888, Hôpital La Colombière, Montpellier, France.
                [73 ]Inserm U614, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie de Rouen, Rouen, France.
                [74 ]UMR 894, Inserm Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
                [75 ]Inserm U897, Victor Segalen University, Bordeaux, France.
                [76 ]Inserm U708, Paris, France.
                [77 ]Centre National de Genotypage, Institut Genomique, Commissariat à l’énergie Atomique, Evry, France.
                [78 ]Fondation Jean Dausset- CEPH, Paris, France.
                [79 ]Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany.
                [80 ]Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
                [81 ]Biobank Popgen, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Section of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
                [82 ]Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
                [83 ]Inst. of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology; Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU-München, Germany.
                [84 ]deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.
                [85 ]deCODE Genetics and University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland.
                [86 ]Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
                [87 ]Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
                [88 ]Neurology Service, “Marqués de Valdecilla” University Hospital (University of Cantabria), Santander, Spain.
                [89 ]CIBERNED, “Marqués de Valdecilla” University Hospital (University of Cantabria), Santander, Spain.
                [90 ]Centre National de Genotypage, Institut Genomique, Commissariat à l’énergie Atomique, Evry, France.
                [91 ]Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autonoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, S-28049, Madrid, Spain.
                [92 ]Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France.
                [93 ]Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario La Paz (UAM) 28034 Madrid, Spain.
                [94 ]Department of Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy.
                [95 ]Departement de Geriatrie, CHU de Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France.
                [96 ]Genetic Molecular Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33006-Oviedo, Spain.
                [97 ]IRCCS Oasi Maria SS, 94018 Troina , Italy
                [98 ]Department of Neuroscience, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, I-56100, Italy.
                [99 ]Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, Memory Unit, University of Bari, Policlinico, 70124 Bari , Italy.
                [100 ]Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
                [101 ]Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Roma, Italy.
                [102 ]Lab of Molecular Genetics, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Italy.
                [103 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS, Ospedale Maggiore, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan Italy.
                [104 ]Department of Clinical Medicine and Prevention, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Italy.
                [105 ]Geriatric Unit & Gerontology-Geriatric Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Science, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo , I-71013, Italy.
                [106 ]Dept. of Neurological Sciences, University of Milan, 35 via F. Sforza, Milan, 20122, Italy.
                [107 ]Inserm, UMR_S679, Hopital de la salpétirère, 75651 Paris, France.
                [108 ]Inserm U614, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie de Rouen, F-76183, Rouen, France.
                Author notes
                []Corresponding authors
                [109]

                These authors contributed equally to this work.

                Author Contributions J. Williams directed this study-assisted by M.J.O. and M.O.D and also helped by P.H, R.S., A.G., R.A., L.J. and D.Harold. J. Williams, P.H. and D.H. took primary responsibility for drafting the manuscript assisted by R.S., A.G., R.A., M.O. D and M.J.O. All authors contributed to the sample collection, sample preparation, genotyping and/or conduct of the GWAS upon which this study is based. J. Williams, R.A., P.H., R.S., A.G., C.W., J.Chapman, K.D., N.J., , A.S., C. Thomas, S. Lovestone, J.P., P.Priotsi., M.K.L., C.Brayne, D.C.R., M.G., B.L., A.L., K. Morgan, K.S.B., P.A.P., D.Craig, B.M., S.T., C.H., D.M., A.D.S., S. Love, P.G.K., J.H., S. Mead, N.C.F., M.Rossor, J.Collinge., W.M., F.J., B.S., E.R., R.H., H.K, H.v.d.B., I.H., J.K., J. Wiltfang, M.Dichgans, L.F., H.H., M.Hüll, J.G., A.M.G., D.R., I.G., J.S.K.K., C.C., P.N., J.C.M., K. Mayo, K.Sleegers, K.B., S.E. P.P.D., C.v.B.,G.L., N.J.B., H.G., A.M., M.T., T.W.M., M.M.N., S.Moebus, K.J., N.K. and H.W. contributed towards clinical sample collection, ascertainment, diagnosis and preparation of samples from the independent GERAD2 sample genotyped as part of this study. R.S., D.Harold A.G., D.R. and I.G. were responsible for procedures related to genotyping the GERAD2 sample. V.C., B.G., M. Hiltunen, O.C., D.Z., M. Delepine, M.J.B., F.Pasquier, I.M., A.F., E.P., O.H., E. Coto, V.A., P. Bosco, G.S., M. Mancuso, F. Panza, B.N., S.Sorbi, P.Bossu, P.Piccardi, B.A., G.A., D.S., E.S., D.G., A.B., D. Hannequin, F.L., H. Soinine, J.C.L. and P.A. were responsible for sample collection, sample preparation, genotyping and analysis of the EADI2 Sample. S.S, A.L.D, O.L, L.L as well as M.A.I, C.M.v.D., M.M.B.B. contributed clinical and genotypic data to the CHARGE GWAS. J.C.L and P.A. contributed clinical and genotypic data. M.M.C. played a leading role, along with H.B., D.W., G.W., N.M.H., E.V., S.B.D., J.O.A., M.B., Z.K.W., D.W.D., N.R.G.R. P.C.P., K. Morgan and S.G.Y. in sample collection, sample preparation, genotyping and analysis of the Mayo2 Sample. M. Riemenschneider, T.F., P.F., C.R., M.K., S. Schreiber, M. Mayhaus, S.N. and S.W. were responsible for sample collection, conduct and analysis of the AD-IG GWAS. S. Steinberg, T.J., H. Stefansson, K. Stefansson, J.S., S.B. and P.V.J were responsible for sample collection, conduct and analysis of the deCODE GWAS. D.Harold and P.H. completed statistical quality control and produced association statistics, under the supervision of J. Williams and P.A.H. All authors discussed the results and approved the manuscript.

                Article
                UKMS34702
                10.1038/ng.803
                3084173
                21460840
                befc275d-a2cb-430c-b9ab-a8b3fc687718

                Users may view, print, copy, download and text and data- mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms

                History
                Funding
                Funded by: Wellcome Trust :
                Award ID: 082604 || WT
                Funded by: Medical Research Council :
                Award ID: G9810900(63319) || MRC_
                Funded by: Medical Research Council :
                Award ID: G0300429(66813) || MRC_
                Categories
                Article

                Genetics
                Genetics

                Comments

                Comment on this article