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      Presencia de factores de riesgo de maltrato en ancianos asistidos en extrahospitalaria en Segovia Translated title: Presence of risk factors abuse in assisted elderly people in out-of-hospital in Segovia

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de factores de riesgo de maltrato en personas ancianas asistidas por la unidad móvil de emergencias extrahospitalarias de Segovia. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, con el fin de describir los factores de riesgo presentes en las personas ancianas de la investigación. La muestra está formada por 365 participantes mayores de 65 años. Resultados: La muestra es homogénea por género (188 hombres y 177 mujeres); el grupo mayoritario es el de 71 a 90 años (67,9%). La edad media es de 80 años (σ = 8,91); el estado de salud mayoritario es de grado medio (41,6%); los grados de dependencia leve y moderado suponen en total un 56,7%; la presencia de deterioro cognitivo es del 50,4%; la frecuencia de incontinencia urinaria es de un 72,1%; el aislamiento social lo padecen el 24,4%; la situación actual es en el 51,2%, el 24,4% tienen depresión, abusan del alcohol el 13,2%, pocos viven en instituciones (15,6%) y la relación con el cuidador es buena en el 86% de los casos. Conclusiones: La población seleccionada es bastante envejecida, lo que en sí ya supone más riesgo de padecer maltrato. Las personas con riesgo de maltrato por estado de salud general, deterioro cognitivo y dependencia suponen casi la mitad de la muestra. La incontinencia urinaria es el factor más común. Los trastornos depresivos no son frecuentes, al igual que el consumo de alcohol, pero su ponderación es muy elevada. Cabe destacar que la demora en solicitar ayuda es alta, muchos son hiperfrecuentadores, y algunos están malnutridos y se caen de forma repetida.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the frequency of risk factors of abuse in elderly people assisted by the emergency mobile unit of extra-hospital emergencies in Segovia. Methodology: it´s a descriptive study with the purpose of describing the risk factors present in the elderly people of the research. The sample consists of 365 participants over 65 years. Results: the sample is homogeneous by gender (188 men and 177 women), the majority group is 71 to 90 years (67.9%). The average age is of 80 years (σ = 8.91), the majority health status is of medium degree (41.6%), the degree of media dependence and the moderate one suppose a total of 56.7%, the presentation of a cognitive is 50.4%. The frequency of urinary incontinence is 72.1%, social isolation appears in 24.4, the current situation is 51.2%, 24.4%, alcohol abuse, 13.2%, few they live in institutions (15.6%). The relationship with the caregiver is good in 86% of cases. Conclusions: the population has been quite old, what is already in it´s more risk of suffering abuse. People at risk of abuse by general health status, cognitive knowledge and dependence, account for almost half of the sample. Urinary incontinence is the most common factor. Depressive disorders are not frequent, as is the consumption of alcohol, but its weight is very high. Highlight that the delay in requesting help is high, being many hyperusers, and some are malnourished and fall repeatedly.

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          Adaptación y validación al castellano del cuestionario de Pfeiffer (SPMSQ) para detectar la existencia de deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores e 65 años

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            Validity and reliability of the Katz-15 scale to measure unfavorable health outcomes in community-dwelling older people

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              Family caregiver mistreatment of the elderly: prevalence of risk and associated factors

              Background The detection of elder mistreatment is emerging as a public health priority; however, abusive behaviors exercised by caregivers are little known and rarely detected among primary health care professionals. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of risk of abuse against community-residing elderly with moderate to severe dependency whose caregivers are relatives. In addition, we aim to describe the association between such a risk and socio-demographic variables, cognitive and dependency state of the victim, and the scale of the caregiver’s anxiety, depression, and burden. Methods Cross-sectional study developed in 72 Primary Health Care teams from Barcelona, Spain. Participants were caregivers and their dependent care recipients (N = 829). Home interviews included the Caregiver Abuse Screen (CASE); self-reported abuse from care recipient; activities of daily living and cognitive state of the care recipient; anxiety and depression in caregivers and Caregiver Burden Scale. The relationship prior to the dependency, positive aspects of caregiving, and social support for the caregiver were also assessed. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression with risk of abuse as dependent variable. Results Caregivers were mainly women (82.8%) with a mean age of 63.3 years. Caregivers and care recipients lived in the same household in 87.4% of cases, and 86.6% had enjoyed a good previous relationship. Care recipients were women (65.6%), with a mean age of 84.2 years, and 64.2% had moderate to severe cognitive impairment. CASE demonstrated a prevalence of 33.4% (95% CI: 30.3-36.7) of abuse risk by the caregiver. Logistic regression showed as statistically significant: caregiver burden (OR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.74-4.33), caregiver anxiety (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.40-3.02), caregiver perception of aggressive behavior in the care recipient (OR = 7.24; 95% CI: 4.99-10.51), and a bad previous relationship (OR = 4.66; 95% CI: 1.25-17.4). Conclusions Prevalence of risk of abuse is high among family caregivers. Our study has found risk factors in family caregivers that are preventable to an extent, namely: anxiety and feelings of burden. It is essential to become aware of these risk factors and their causes to intervene and help primary as well secondary prevention.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                geroko
                Gerokomos
                Gerokomos
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y gerontológica (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1134-928X
                2020
                : 31
                : 4
                : 221-225
                Affiliations
                [2] Valladolid orgnameFacultad de Enfermería de Valladolid España
                [3] orgnameComplejo Asistencial de Segovia España
                [1] Valladolid orgnameSACYL orgdiv1Gerencia de Emergencias Sanitarias España
                [4] Valladolid orgnameUnidad Docente de matronas de Segovia-Valladolid España
                Article
                S1134-928X2020000500221 S1134-928X(20)03100400221
                bf29ce83-d378-4cc5-86fa-23431ba4abca

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 July 2019
                : 12 September 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 5
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                SciELO Spain

                Categories
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                elder abuse,Elderly,risk factors,intensive care units,Anciano,factores de riesgo,maltrato al anciano,unidades de cuidados intensivos

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