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      South Polar in situ radio-frequency ice attenuation

      , , ,
      Journal of Glaciology
      Cambridge University Press (CUP)

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          Abstract

          We have determined the in situ electric field attenuation length Lα (defined as the length over which the signal amplitude diminishes by a factor 1/e) for radio-frequency signals broadcast vertically through South Polar ice and reflected off the underlying bed. Conservatively assuming a bedrock field reflectivity for f = 380 MHz, and T = –50°C; the errors incorporate uncertainties in R. This value is consistent with previous estimates that the radiofrequency attenuation length exceeds the attenuation length at optical frequencies by an order of magnitude.

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          Electromagnetic pulses from high-energy showers: Implications for neutrino detection

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            Dielectric Properties of Ice and Snow–a Review

            S. Evans (1965)
            The permittivity and loss tangent of naturally occurring ice and snow are considered. The direct-current conductivity is considered only when it is of importance to the alternating-current and radio-frequency properties. Laboratory measurements on pure ice, and deliberately contaminated ice, are included to help in explaining and extrapolating the behaviour of natural ice and snow. The lower band of frequencies from 10 c./sec. to 1 Mc./sec. is occupied by a relaxation spectrum in which the relative permittivity falls from approximately 100 to 3. The loss tangent reaches a maximum at a frequency which varies from 50 c./sec. to 50 kc./sec. as the temperature increases from −60°C. to 0°C. We are interested in the effect of snow density, impurities, stress, crystal size, and orientation. For frequencies much greater than 1 Mc./sec., the relative permittivity is 3.17±0.07. The loss tangent reaches a minimum value at approximately 1,000 Mc./sec. beyond which the dominant influence is infrared absorption. The minimum is 10−3 at 0°C or 2×10−5 at −60°C. These values are greatly increased by impurities or free water. Some possible applications to glaciological field measurements are mentioned.
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              Effect of temperature on dielectric properties of ice in the range 5–39 GHz

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                applab
                Journal of Glaciology
                J. Glaciol.
                Cambridge University Press (CUP)
                0022-1430
                1727-5652
                2005
                September 2017
                : 51
                : 173
                : 231-238
                Article
                10.3189/172756505781829467
                bfab4b08-7056-4a73-bdd5-13a685e57cfb
                © 2005
                History

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