- Record: found
- Abstract: found
- Article: found
Heat and PAHs Emissions in Indoor Kitchen Air and Its Impact on Kidney Dysfunctions among Kitchen Workers in Lucknow, North India
Author(s): Amarnath Singh, Ritul Kamal, Mohana Mudiam, Manoj Gupta, Gubbala Naga Venkata Satyanarayana, Vipin Bihari, Nishi Shukla, Altaf Khan, Chandrasekharan Kesavachandran
Publication date: 2016-02-12
Journal: PLoS ONE
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Read this article at
There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.
Abstract
Indoor air quality and heat exposure have become an important occupational health and safety concern in several workplaces including kitchens of hotels. This study investigated the heat, particulate matter (PM), total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions in indoor air of commercial kitchen and its association with kidney dysfunctions among kitchen workers. A cross sectional study was conducted on 94 kitchen workers employed at commercial kitchen in Lucknow city, North India. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to collect the personal and occupational history of the kitchen workers. The urine analysis for specific gravity and microalbuminuria was conducted among the study subjects. Indoor air temperature, humidity, wet/ dry bulb temperature and humidex heat stress was monitored during cooking activities at the kitchen. Particulate matter (PM) for 1 and 2.5 microns were monitored in kitchen during working hours using Hazdust. PAHS in indoor air was analysed using UHPLC. Urinary hydroxy-PAHs in kitchen workers were measured using GC/MS-MS. Higher indoor air temperature, relative humidity, PM1 and PM2.5 (p<0.001) was observed in the kitchen due to cooking process. Indoor air PAHs identified are Napthalene, fluorine, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene and indeno [1,2,3-cd) pyrene. Concentrations of all PAHs identified in kitchen were above the permissible OSHA norms for indoor air. Specific gravity of urine was significantly higher among the kitchen workers (p<0.001) as compared to the control group. Also, the prevalence of microalbuminuria was higher (p<0.001) among kitchen workers. Urinary PAH metabolites detected among kitchen workers were 1-NAP, 9-HF, 3-HF, 9-PHN and 1-OHP. Continuous heat exposure in kitchens due to cooking can alter kidney functions viz., high specific gravity of urine in kitchen workers. Exposure to PM, VOCs and PAHs in indoor air and presence of urinary PAHs metabolites may lead to inflammation, which can cause microalbuminuria in kitchen workers, as observed in the present study.
Related collections
Most cited references38
- Record: found
- Abstract: found
- Article: not found
Urinary indices during dehydration, exercise, and rehydration.
Carl M. Maresh, J Soto, Carol Armstrong … (1998)
This investigation evaluated the validity and sensitivity of urine color (Ucol), specific gravity (Usg), and osmolality (Uosm) as indices of hydration status, by comparing them to changes in body water. Nine highly trained males underwent a 42-hr protocol involving dehydration to 3.7% of body mass (Day 1, -2.64 kg), cycling to exhaustion (Day 2, -5.2% of body mass, -3.68 kg), and oral rehydration for 21 hr. The ranges of mean (across time) blood and urine values were Ucol, 1-7; Usg, 1.004-1.029; Uosm, 117-1,081 mOsm x kg-1; and plasma osmolality (Posm), 280-298 mOsm x kg-1. Urine color tracked changes in body water as effectively as (or better than) Uosm, Usg, urine volume, Posm, plasma sodium, and plasma total protein. We concluded that (a) Ucol, Uosm, and Usg are valid indices of hydration status, and (b) marked dehydration, exercise, and rehydration had little effect on the validity and sensitivity of these indices.
- Record: found
- Abstract: found
- Article: not found
Combining GFR and albuminuria to classify CKD improves prediction of ESRD.
Kurt Kvenild, Solfrid Romundstad, Eberhard Ritz … (2009)
Despite the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), relatively few individuals with CKD progress to ESRD. A better understanding of the risk factors for progression could improve the classification system of CKD and strategies for screening. We analyzed data from 65,589 adults who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health (HUNT 2) Study (1995 to 1997) and found 124 patients who progressed to ESRD after 10.3 yr of follow-up. In multivariable survival analysis, estimated GFR (eGFR) and albuminuria were independently and strongly associated with progression to ESRD: Hazard ratios for eGFR 45 to 59, 30 to 44, and 15 to 29 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) were 6.7, 18.8, and 65.7, respectively (P < 0.001 for all), and for micro- and macroalbuminuria were 13.0 and 47.2 (P < 0.001 for both). Hypertension, diabetes, male gender, smoking, depression, obesity, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, physical activity and education did not add predictive information. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analyses showed that considering both the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and eGFR substantially improved diagnostic accuracy. Referral based on current stages 3 to 4 CKD (eGFR 15 to 59 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)) would include 4.7% of the general population and identify 69.4% of all individuals progressing to ESRD. Referral based on our classification system would include 1.4% of the general population without losing predictive power (i.e., it would detect 65.6% of all individuals progressing to ESRD). In conclusion, all levels of reduced eGFR should be complemented by quantification of urinary albumin to predict optimally progression to ESRD.
- Record: found
- Abstract: found
- Article: not found
The effect of heat waves on hospital admissions for renal disease in a temperate city of Australia.
Monika Nitschke, Dino Pisaniello, Robin Hansen … (2008)
A rarely investigated consequence of heat exposure is renal dysfunction resulting from dehydration and hyperthermia. Our study aims to quantify the relationship between exposure to extreme high temperatures and renal morbidity in South Australia. Poisson regression accounting for over dispersion, seasonality and long-term trend was used to estimate the effect of heat waves on hospital admissions for renal disease, acute renal failure and renal dialysis over a 12-year period. Selected comorbidities were investigated as possible contributing risk factors. Admissions for renal disease and acute renal failure were increased during heat waves compared with non-heat wave periods with an incidence rate ratio of 1.100 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.003-1.206] and 1.255 (95% CI 1.037-1.519), respectively. Hospitalizations for dialysis showed no corresponding increase. Comorbid diabetes did not increase the risk of renal admission, however 'effects of heat and light' and 'exposure to excessive natural heat' (collectively termed effects of heat) were identified as risk factors. Our findings suggest that as heat waves become more frequent, the burden of renal morbidity may increase in susceptible individuals as an indirect consequence of global warming.
Author and article information
Contributors
Zhanjun Jia: Role: Editor
Journal
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Journal ID (pmc): plosone
Title:
PLoS ONE
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
1932-6203
Publication date
(Electronic):
12
February
2016
Publication date Collection: 2016
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Electronic Location Identifier: e0148641
Affiliations
[1
]Epidemiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, PB No 80, MG
Marg, Lucknow, 226001, U.P, India
[2
]Environment Monitoring Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, PB
No 80, MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, U.P, India
[3
]Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, PB No
80, MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, U.P, India
Author notes
Conceived and designed the experiments: CNK MKRM. Performed the experiments: CNK AS RK VB NS AHK AS MKRM MKG GNVS. Analyzed the data: CNK AS MKRM MKG GNVS VB NS AHK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CNK AS MKRM MKG GNVS VB NS AHK. Wrote the paper: CNK AS MKRM MKG GNVS VB NS AHK.
* E-mail:
ckesavachandran@
123456gmail.com
Article
Publisher ID: PONE-D-15-26298DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148641
PMC ID: 4752274
PubMed ID: 26871707
SO-VID: bfefb8b4-7255-4404-bde8-f357cabb8f79
Copyright © © 2016 Singh et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
History
Date
received
: 3
July
2015
Date
accepted
: 20
January
2016
Page count
Figures: 2,
Tables: 5,
Pages: 16
Funding
This study was funded by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi
– Network program (Code: INDEPTH-BSC-0111), Government of India.
Categories
Subject:
Research Article
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Physiology
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Physiology
Subject:
Body Fluids
Subject:
Urine
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Biochemistry
Subject:
Metabolism
Subject:
Metabolites
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Renal System
Subject:
Kidneys
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Anatomy
Subject:
Renal System
Subject:
Kidneys
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Nephrology
Subject:
Microalbuminuria
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Chemistry
Subject:
Chemical Properties
Subject:
Specific Gravity
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Chemistry
Subject:
Physical Chemistry
Subject:
Chemical Properties
Subject:
Specific Gravity
Subject:
Earth Sciences
Subject:
Atmospheric Science
Subject:
Meteorology
Subject:
Humidity
Subject:
Earth Sciences
Subject:
Atmospheric Science
Subject:
Atmospheric Chemistry
Subject:
Air Quality
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Chemistry
Subject:
Environmental Chemistry
Subject:
Atmospheric Chemistry
Subject:
Air Quality
Subject:
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Subject:
Environmental Chemistry
Subject:
Atmospheric Chemistry
Subject:
Air Quality
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Physics
Subject:
Classical Mechanics
Subject:
Mechanical Stress
Subject:
Thermal Stresses
Custom metadata
Data Availability Due to ethical restrictions related to protecting patient confidentiality, data within
the paper are available only with the consent of the Institutional Human Ethics Committee,
CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India. Interested researchers
can send their request for data to Dr V Bihari, Member Secretary, Institutional Human
Ethics Committee, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, PB No 80, MG Marg,
Lucknow 226001, UP, India. email: (
vipin@
123456iitr.res.in
).
ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
Data availability:
ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized