Curcumin’s Nanomedicine Formulations for Therapeutic Application in Neurological Diseases

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Abstract

The brain is the body’s control center, so when a disease affects it, the outcomes are devastating. Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis are brain diseases that cause a large number of human deaths worldwide. Curcumin has demonstrated beneficial effects on brain health through several mechanisms such as antioxidant, amyloid β-binding, anti-inflammatory, tau inhibition, metal chelation, neurogenesis activity, and synaptogenesis promotion. The therapeutic limitation of curcumin is its bioavailability, and to address this problem, new nanoformulations are being developed. The present review aims to summarize the general bioactivity of curcumin in neurological disorders, how functional molecules are extracted, and the different types of nanoformulations available.

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Liposomes as nanomedical devices

Giuseppina Bozzuto, Agnese Molinari (2015)

Since their discovery in the 1960s, liposomes have been studied in depth, and they continue to constitute a field of intense research. Liposomes are valued for their biological and technological advantages, and are considered to be the most successful drug-carrier system known to date. Notable progress has been made, and several biomedical applications of liposomes are either in clinical trials, are about to be put on the market, or have already been approved for public use. In this review, we briefly analyze how the efficacy of liposomes depends on the nature of their components and their size, surface charge, and lipidic organization. Moreover, we discuss the influence of the physicochemical properties of liposomes on their interaction with cells, half-life, ability to enter tissues, and final fate in vivo. Finally, we describe some strategies developed to overcome limitations of the “first-generation” liposomes, and liposome-based drugs on the market and in clinical trials.

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Inflammation in CNS neurodegenerative diseases

Jodie Stephenson, Erik Nutma, Paul van der Valk … (2018)

Neurodegenerative diseases, the leading cause of morbidity and disability, are gaining increased attention as they impose a considerable socioeconomic impact, due in part to the ageing community. Neuronal damage is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, spinocerebellar ataxia and multiple sclerosis, although such damage is also observed following neurotropic viral infections, stroke, genetic white matter diseases and paraneoplastic disorders. Despite the different aetiologies, for example, infections, genetic mutations, trauma and protein aggregations, neuronal damage is frequently associated with chronic activation of an innate immune response in the CNS . The growing awareness that the immune system is inextricably involved in shaping the brain during development as well as mediating damage, but also regeneration and repair, has stimulated therapeutic approaches to modulate the immune system in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the current understanding of how astrocytes and microglia, as well as neurons and oligodendrocytes, shape the neuroimmune response during development, and how aberrant responses that arise due to genetic or environmental triggers may predispose the CNS to neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss the known interactions between the peripheral immune system and the brain, and review the current concepts on how immune cells enter and leave the CNS . A better understanding of neuroimmune interactions during development and disease will be key to further manipulating these responses and the development of effective therapies to improve quality of life, and reduce the impact of neuroinflammatory and degenerative diseases.

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Curcumin labels amyloid pathology in vivo, disrupts existing plaques, and partially restores distorted neurites in an Alzheimer mouse model.

M. Garcia-Alloza, L Borrelli, A Rozkalne … (2007)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by senile plaques and neurodegeneration although the neurotoxic mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. It is clear that both oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the illness. The compound curcumin, with a broad spectrum of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrilogenic activities may represent a promising approach for preventing or treating AD. Curcumin is a small fluorescent compound that binds to amyloid deposits. In the present work we used in vivo multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to demonstrate that curcumin crosses the blood-brain barrier and labels senile plaques and cerebrovascular amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Moreover, systemic treatment of mice with curcumin for 7 days clears and reduces existing plaques, as monitored with longitudinal imaging, suggesting a potent disaggregation effect. Curcumin also led to a limited, but significant reversal of structural changes in dystrophic dendrites, including abnormal curvature and dystrophy size. Together, these data suggest that curcumin reverses existing amyloid pathology and associated neurotoxicity in a mouse model of AD. This approach could lead to more effective clinical therapies for the prevention of oxidative stress, inflammation and neurotoxicity associated with AD.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Clin Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Clin Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): jcm

Title: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 2077-0383

Publication date (Electronic): 05 February 2020

Publication date Collection: February 2020

Volume: 9

Issue: 2

Electronic Location Identifier: 430

Affiliations

[1 ]Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran; bahar.salehi007@ 123456gmail.com

[2 ]Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania

[3 ]Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; ancadocea@ 123456gmail.com

[4 ]Department of Natural Products Research, Dr. Koirala Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal; koirala.biochem@ 123456gmail.com (N.K.); sushantarl23@ 123456gmail.com (S.A.)

[5 ]Italian National Research Council, Rome (CNR), 98158 Messina, Italy; lombardo@ 123456ipcf.cnr.it

[6 ]Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; luigi.pasqua@ 123456unical.it

[7 ]Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; taaheri.yasaman@ 123456gmail.com

[8 ]Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, 14-008 Cuenca, Ecuador; csalgado@ 123456uazuay.edu.ec

[9 ]Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile

[10 ]Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion 4070386, Chile

[11 ]Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. HernâniMonteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal

[12 ]Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal

[13 ]Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy; marcello.iriti@ 123456unimi.it

[14 ]Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; hafiz.suleria@ 123456unimelb.edu.au

[15 ]Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: calinadaniela@ 123456gmail.com (D.C.); mmartorell@ 123456udec.cl (M.M.); ncmartins@ 123456med.up.pt (N.M.); javad.sharifirad@ 123456gmail.com (J.S.-R.)

Author information

Bahare Salehi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-9797

Daniela Calina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1523-9116

Niranjan Koirala https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7777-1191

Sushant Aryal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-8203

Domenico Lombardo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1957-9951

Yasaman Taheri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0836-236X

Carla Marina Salgado Castillo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1491-3551

Miquel Martorell https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-7623

Natália Martins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5934-5201

Marcello Iriti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-1236

Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-0830

Javad Sharifi-Rad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7301-8151

Article

Publisher ID: jcm-09-00430

DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020430

PMC ID: 7074182

PubMed ID: 32033365

SO-VID: bff3cb32-4082-4cf0-a509-e174231a10a4

License:

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Curcumin’s Nanomedicine Formulations for Therapeutic Application in Neurological Diseases

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Abstract

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Wits Journal of Clinical Medicine

Most cited references 195

Liposomes as nanomedical devices

Inflammation in CNS neurodegenerative diseases

Curcumin labels amyloid pathology in vivo, disrupts existing plaques, and partially restores distorted neurites in an Alzheimer mouse model.

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