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      Effects of the Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib in Combination with Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Meta-analysis Translated title: Proteazom İnhibitörü Bortezomib’in Mantle Hücreli Lenfoma Tedavisinde Kemoterapi ile Kombinasyonundaki Etkileri: Bir Meta-analiz

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          Abstract

          Objective:

          The efficacy and the safety of bortezomib-based chemotherapy were characterized in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients.

          Materials and Methods:

          The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Clinical Key, Science Direct, Oxford Journals, and China National Knowledge Internet databases were searched up to 1 May 2019. The selected trials needed to match the inclusion criteria and be carried out to evaluate quality appraisal and the synthesis of efficacy and safety. The enrolled MCL patients using bortezomib-based chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone needed to have been compared. The overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were combined to evaluate the efficacy while serious adverse events (SAEs) (grade III-IV peripheral neuropathy, neutropenia, and infection) were used to evaluate the safety. The heterogeneity of the results were analyzed simultaneously.

          Results:

          A total of 620 patients were enrolled across four studies in our meta-analysis, and the pooled results showed that the PFS [hazard ratio (HR)=0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.54-0.82; p=0.0001)] and OS (HR=0.73, 95% CI=0.55-0.96; p=0.03) of patients with bortezomib-based chemotherapy were better than those of patients with chemotherapy alone, unlike ORR (risk ratio=1.46, 95% CI=0.85-2.49; p=0.17), while SAEs were prominent in the combination group.

          Conclusion:

          MCL patients who are ineligible for transplant or high-dose chemotherapy could benefit from bortezomib-based chemotherapy.

          Translated abstract

          Amaç:

          Mantle hücreli lenfoma (MCL) hastalarında Bortezomib bazlı kemoterapinin etkinliği ve güvenilirliğinin belirlenmesi.

          Gereç ve Yöntemler

          1 Mayıs 2019 tarihine kadar PubMed, Cochrane Kütüphanesi, Klinik Anahtar, Doğrudan Bilim, Oxford Dergileri ve Çin Ulusal Bilgi İnternet veritabanları araştırıldı. Seçilen çalışmaların dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılaması ve kalite, ve etkinlik ve güvenlik sentezi yapmış olması gerekiyordu. Çalışmaların bortezomib bazlı kemoterapi ile sadece kemoterapi kullanan MCL hastalarını karşılıyor olması gerekiyordu. Etkinliği değerlendirmek için genel yanıt oranı (ORR), ilerlemesiz sağkalım (PFS) ve genel sağkalım (OS) birleştirilirken, ciddi advers olaylar (SAE’ler) (3-4. düzey periferik nöropati, nötropeni ve enfeksiyon) güvenliği değerlendirmek için kullanıldı. Sonuçların heterojenliği aynı anda analiz edildi.

          Bulgular:

          Meta-analizimizde dört çalışmaya toplam 620 hasta dahil edilmişti ve toplu sonuçlarda PFS [tehlike oranı (HR)=0,66, %95 güven aralığı (CI)=0,54-0,82; p=0,0001)] ve OS (HR=0,73, %95 CI=0,55-0,96; p=0,03) ORR’den (risk oranı=1,46, %95 CI=0,85-2,49; p=0,17) farklı olarak bortezomib bazlı kemoterapi alan hastalarda, tek başına kemoterapi alan hastalardan daha iyi idi, SAE’ler ise kombinasyon grubunda daha belirgindi.

          Sonuç:

          Nakil veya yüksek doz kemoterapi için uygun olmayan MCL hastaları bortezomib bazlı kemoterapiden yarar görebilir.

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          Most cited references21

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          Bortezomib-based therapy for newly diagnosed mantle-cell lymphoma.

          The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib was initially approved for the treatment of relapsed mantle-cell lymphoma. We investigated whether substituting bortezomib for vincristine in frontline therapy with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) could improve outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed mantle-cell lymphoma. In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 487 adults with newly diagnosed mantle-cell lymphoma who were ineligible or not considered for stem-cell transplantation to receive six to eight 21-day cycles of R-CHOP intravenously on day 1 (with prednisone administered orally on days 1 to 5) or VR-CAP (R-CHOP regimen, but replacing vincristine with bortezomib at a dose of 1.3 mg per square meter of body-surface area on days 1, 4, 8, and 11). The primary end point was progression-free survival. After a median follow-up of 40 months, median progression-free survival (according to independent radiologic review) was 14.4 months in the R-CHOP group versus 24.7 months in the VR-CAP group (hazard ratio favoring the VR-CAP group, 0.63; P<0.001), a relative improvement of 59%. On the basis of investigator assessment, the median durations of progression-free survival were 16.1 months and 30.7 months, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.51; P<0.001), a relative improvement of 96%. Secondary end points were consistently improved in the VR-CAP group, including the complete response rate (42% vs. 53%), the median duration of complete response (18.0 months vs. 42.1 months), the median treatment-free interval (20.5 months vs. 40.6 months), and the 4-year overall survival rate (54% vs. 64%). Rates of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were higher in the VR-CAP group. VR-CAP was more effective than R-CHOP in patients with newly diagnosed mantle-cell lymphoma but at the cost of increased hematologic toxicity. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development and Millennium Pharmaceuticals; LYM-3002 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00722137.).
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            Mantle Cell Lymphoma.

            Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an uncommon subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma previously considered to have a poor prognosis. Large gains were made in the first decade of the new century when clinical trials established the importance of high-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell rescue and high-dose cytarabine in younger patients and the benefits of maintenance rituximab and bendamustine in older patients. In particular, greater depth of understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of MCL has resulted in an explosion of specifically targeted new efficacious agents. In particular, agents recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration include the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, immunomodulator lenalidomide, and Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib. We review recent advances in the understanding of MCL biology and outline our recommended approach to therapy, including choice of chemoimmunotherapy, the role of stem-cell transplantation, and mechanism-based targeted therapies, on the basis of a synthesis of the data from published clinical trials.
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              Bortezomib for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma.

              To describe the Food and Drug Administration review and marketing approval considerations for bortezomib (Velcade) for the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Food and Drug Administration reviewed a multicenter study of bortezomib in 155 patients with progressive mantle cell lymphoma after at least one prior therapy. Seventy-seven percent were stage IV, and 75% had one or more extranodal sites of disease. Prior therapy included an anthracycline or mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab. Median age was 65 years. All received bortezomib 1.3 mg/m(2) i.v. on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of each 3-week cycle. The primary end point was response. Response and progression were determined by independent review of serial computed tomography scans using International Lymphoma Workshop Response Criteria. The overall response rate was 31%, including complete response (CR) plus CR unconfirmed (CRu) plus partial response; median response duration was 9.3 months. The CR plus CRu response rate was 8% with a median duration of 15.4 months. Adverse events were similar to those observed previously for bortezomib. The most commonly reported treatment-emergent adverse events were asthenia (72%), peripheral neuropathies (55%), constipation (50%), diarrhea (47%), nausea (44%), and anorexia (39%). The most common adverse event leading to discontinuation was neuropathy. Bortezomib received regular approval for the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma in relapse after prior therapy.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Turk J Haematol
                Turk J Haematol
                TJH
                Turkish Journal of Hematology
                Galenos Publishing
                1300-7777
                1308-5263
                March 2020
                20 February 2020
                : 37
                : 1
                : 13-19
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, Clinic of Hematology, Tianjin, China
                [2 ]Renmin Hospital, Clinic of Oncology, Tianjin, China
                Author notes
                * Address for Correspondence: Tianjin 4th Central Hospital, Clinic of Hematology, Tianjin, China E-mail: skylovelu@ 123456aliyun.com
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-1066
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-2151
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0853-2920
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-1610
                Article
                36037
                10.4274/tjh.galenos.2019.2019.0128
                7057744
                31464119
                c045798e-fff6-4266-90d0-8c6dc634fb1e
                © Copyright 2020 by Turkish Society of Hematology / Turkish Journal of Hematology, Published by Galenos Publishing House.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 25 March 2019
                : 28 August 2019
                Categories
                Research Article

                bortezomib,chemotherapy,mantle cell lymphoma,metaanalysis

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