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      Eutanasia, suicidio asistido y psiquiatría Translated title: Euthanasia, assisted suicide, and psychiatry

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          Abstract

          Resumen: En la actualidad la eutanasia está legalmente regulada en varios países de distintos continentes y en España lo está por la vigente Ley Orgánica 3/2021. El presente trabajo es un estudio monográfico y de reflexión teórica basado en un análisis amplio y riguroso de la legislación y de la literatura biomédica internacional, pero no pretende ser una revisión bibliográfica al uso. Según la OMS (o la WMA), para que sea posible la eutanasia en cualquiera de sus formas es necesaria la intervención médica, al igual que para el suicidio asistido y la sedación paliativa. Con la Ley 3/2021 en las eutanasias activa y pasiva habrá de intervenir necesariamente el denominado médico responsable y pueden participar otros médicos denominados consultores. Según esta Ley el médico consultor basta con que tenga “formación” en el ámbito de la patología en cuestión, no que sea especialista titulado, con lo que cada cual podrá considerar a su criterio si cumple con la capacitación que debe declarar. A pesar de sus importantes limitaciones, omisiones y ambigüedades potencialmente conflictivas, la Ley 3/2021 parece en conjunto oportuna, adecuada en su esencia y básicamente no sesgada.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: At present, euthanasia is legally regulated in several countries in different continents. In Spain, it is regulated by the current organic law 3/2021. This work is a monographic and theoretical reflection study based on a wide and rigorous analysis of the law and the international biomedical literature, but it does not intend to be a bibliographic review in any way. According to the World Health Organization, the medical intervention is needed for any way of euthanasia to be possible as well as for assisted suicide and palliative sedation. From what the law says, the training on the sphere of the pathology in question is enough to be a consultant doctor. To be a certified specialist is not needed, so each consultant may consider at their discretion if they fulfil the qualification to be declared. Despite its important limitations, omissions and potentially controversial ambiguities, the law 3/2021 seems to be opportune, suitable in essence and basically non biased.

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          Most cited references51

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          Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe.

          The increasing legalization of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide worldwide makes it important to understand related attitudes and practices.
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            Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide of Patients With Psychiatric Disorders in the Netherlands 2011 to 2014.

            Euthanasia or assisted suicide (EAS) of psychiatric patients is increasing in some jurisdictions such as Belgium and the Netherlands. However, little is known about the practice, and it remains controversial.
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              Advance euthanasia directives: a controversial case and its ethical implications

              Authorising euthanasia and assisted suicide with advance euthanasia directives (AEDs) is permitted, yet debated, in the Netherlands. We focus on a recent controversial case in which a Dutch woman with Alzheimer’s disease was euthanised based on her AED. A Dutch euthanasia review committee found that the physician performing the euthanasia failed to follow due care requirements for euthanasia and assisted suicide. This case is notable because it is the first case to trigger a criminal investigation since the 2002 Dutch euthanasia law was enacted. Thus far, only brief descriptions of the case have been reported in English language journals and media. We provide a detailed description of the case, review the main challenges of preparing and applying AEDs for persons with dementia and briefly assess the adequacy of the current oversight system governing AEDs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                neuropsiq
                Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
                Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq.
                Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0211-5735
                2340-2733
                December 2021
                : 41
                : 140
                : 51-67
                Affiliations
                [1] Generalitat Valenciana Valencia orgnameConselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública orgdiv1Consultorio propio España
                Article
                S0211-57352021000200003 S0211-5735(21)04114000003
                10.4321/s0211-57352021000200003
                c09c1b14-30cf-4716-be26-271361067f23

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 May 2021
                : 04 October 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 51, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos

                legal medicine,clinical psychology,mental disorder,assisted suicide,euthanasia,medicina legal,psicología clínica,trastorno mental,suicidio asistido,eutanasia

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