3
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Phenotyping in Arabidopsis and Crops—Are We Addressing the Same Traits? A Case Study in Tomato

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The convenient model Arabidopsis thaliana has allowed tremendous advances in plant genetics and physiology, in spite of only being a weed. It has also unveiled the main molecular networks governing, among others, abiotic stress responses. Through the use of the latest genomic tools, Arabidopsis research is nowadays being translated to agronomically interesting crop models such as tomato, but at a lagging pace. Knowledge transfer has been hindered by invariable differences in plant architecture and behaviour, as well as the divergent direct objectives of research in Arabidopsis vs. crops compromise transferability. In this sense, phenotype translation is still a very complex matter. Here, we point out the challenges of “translational phenotyping” in the case study of drought stress phenotyping in Arabidopsis and tomato. After briefly defining and describing drought stress and survival strategies, we compare drought stress protocols and phenotyping techniques most commonly used in the two species, and discuss their potential to gain insights, which are truly transferable between species. This review is intended to be a starting point for discussion about translational phenotyping approaches among plant scientists, and provides a useful compendium of methods and techniques used in modern phenotyping for this specific plant pair as a case study.

          Related collections

          Most cited references149

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Chlorophyll fluorescence: a probe of photosynthesis in vivo.

          Neil Baker (2008)
          The use of chlorophyll fluorescence to monitor photosynthetic performance in algae and plants is now widespread. This review examines how fluorescence parameters can be used to evaluate changes in photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, linear electron flux, and CO(2) assimilation in vivo, and outlines the theoretical bases for the use of specific fluorescence parameters. Although fluorescence parameters can be measured easily, many potential problems may arise when they are applied to predict changes in photosynthetic performance. In particular, consideration is given to problems associated with accurate estimation of the PSII operating efficiency measured by fluorescence and its relationship with the rates of linear electron flux and CO(2) assimilation. The roles of photochemical and nonphotochemical quenching in the determination of changes in PSII operating efficiency are examined. Finally, applications of fluorescence imaging to studies of photosynthetic heterogeneity and the rapid screening of large numbers of plants for perturbations in photosynthesis and associated metabolism are considered.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            When defense pathways collide. The response of Arabidopsis to a combination of drought and heat stress.

            Within their natural habitat, plants are subjected to a combination of abiotic conditions that include stresses such as drought and heat. Drought and heat stress have been extensively studied; however, little is known about how their combination impacts plants. The response of Arabidopsis plants to a combination of drought and heat stress was found to be distinct from that of plants subjected to drought or heat stress. Transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis plants subjected to a combination of drought and heat stress revealed a new pattern of defense response in plants that includes a partial combination of two multigene defense pathways (i.e. drought and heat stress), as well as 454 transcripts that are specifically expressed in plants during a combination of drought and heat stress. Metabolic profiling of plants subjected to drought, heat stress, or a combination of drought and heat stress revealed that plants subject to a combination of drought and heat stress accumulated sucrose and other sugars such as maltose and glucose. In contrast, Pro that accumulated in plants subjected to drought did not accumulate in plants during a combination of drought and heat stress. Heat stress was found to ameliorate the toxicity of Pro to cells, suggesting that during a combination of drought and heat stress sucrose replaces Pro in plants as the major osmoprotectant. Our results highlight the plasticity of the plant genome and demonstrate its ability to respond to complex environmental conditions that occur in the field.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling in response to osmotic stress in plants.

              Plants have adaptive robustness to osmotic stresses such as drought and high salinity. Numerous genes functioning in stress response and tolerance are induced under osmotic conditions in diverse plants. Various signaling proteins, such as transcription factors, protein kinases and phosphatases, play signal transduction roles during plant adaptation to osmotic stress, with involvement ranging from stress signal perception to stress-responsive gene expression. Recent progress has been made in analyzing the complex cascades of gene expression during osmotic stress response, and especially in identifying specificity and crosstalk in abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. In this review, we highlight transcriptional regulation of gene expression governed by two key transcription factors: AREB/ABFs and DREB2A operating respectively in ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Genes (Basel)
                Genes (Basel)
                genes
                Genes
                MDPI
                2073-4425
                27 August 2020
                September 2020
                : 11
                : 9
                : 1011
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Sciences DISAFA-Turin University, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; andrea.schubert@ 123456unito.it (A.S.); francesca.cardinale@ 123456unito.it (F.C.)
                [2 ]INRES Horticultural Sciences, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; s.schmittgen@ 123456uni-bonn.de
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: paolo.korwinkrukowski@ 123456unito.it (P.K.K.); ellenberger@ 123456uni-bonn.de (J.E.); Tel.: +39-011-670-8665 (P.K.K.); +49-228-73-5155 (J.E.)
                [†]

                These authors contributed equally to this work.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-8822
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9892-9325
                Article
                genes-11-01011
                10.3390/genes11091011
                7564427
                32867311
                c118835a-13b8-4110-b0c4-eb4cb4d038c8
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 05 August 2020
                : 24 August 2020
                Categories
                Review

                arabidopsis,tomato,phenotyping,drought stress,translational phenotyping,osmotic stress,dehydration,arabidopsis thaliana,solanum lycopersicum,lycopersicon esculentum

                Comments

                Comment on this article