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      An empirical study on the changes of upper limb composition and BMD of male university students by different types of resistance training

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          Abstract

          Objective To compare the effects of different types of strength training on upper limbs, body composition and maximum strength and bone density of male university students, so as to provide a reference for college students to choose reasonable resistance training methods.

          Methods Forty-two male university students were randomly divided into three experimental groups: maximum-strength group, MS ( n = 12); speed-strength group, SS ( n = 15); strength -endurance group, SE ( n = 15). All subjects were subject to resistance training for 6 weeks, twice a week. Incremental load method was used to determine the maximum strength of the subject to develop a training program. Upper limbs, Body Composition and BMD were performed by Dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry.

          Results After the continuous training for 6 weeks, maximum strength of upper limbs increased significantly with training time, SE grows faster [(51. 00±4. 81) (67. 20±5. 66) (76. 87±6. 21) kg]; The body fat percentage of SS group and SE group decreased significantly [(13.50±4. 10) %, (12. 60±2. 80) %; (13. 70±3. 80) %, (12. 70±3. 10) %] ( t = 2.35, 2.30, P<0.05), while LM of upper limb increased significantly [(5. 19±0. 59) (5. 86±0. 61); (5. 27±0.72) (6. 21±0. 59) kg] ( t = −2.48, −2.94, P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the body fat percentage and LM of upper limb between MS group [(14. 0±3. 3) %, (13. 6±2. 3)%] and SE group [(5. 33±0.81) (5.41±0. 79) kg] ( t = 0.31, −0.22, P>0.05); BMC and BMD of upper limbs increased in all groups, but the increase of SS group and SE group was statistically significant ( t = −3.07, −2.43, P<0. 05).

          Conclusion Strength endurance resistance training for male college students can effectively promote muscle strength growth, increase bone density and improve upper limb composition.

          Abstract

          【摘要】 目的 比较不同类型的抗阻训练对男性大学生上肢体成分、最大力量和骨密度的影响效果, 为大学生选取 合理的抗阻训练方式提供参考。 方法 按照自愿原则, 选取上海师范大学 42 名受试者随机分为最大力量组 (maximum-strength group, MS 组)12 名、快速力量组 (speed-strength group, SS 组) 15 名和力量耐力组 (strength-endurance group, SE 组) 15 名, 进行为期 6 周, 每周 2 次的抗阻训练。实验前后, 采用递增负荷的方法测定受试者最大力量以制定训练方案, 采用双能 X射线吸收扫描仪进行上肢体成分、骨密度等指标的测量。 结果 经 6 周持续力量抗阻训练, 上肢最大力量随训练时间提 髙, SE 组增长更快[训练前后分别为 (51.00±4.81) (67.20±5.66) (76.87±6.21) kg]; SS 组和 SE 组体脂率下降[训练前后分 别为 (13.50±4.10) %, (12.60±2.80) %; (13.70±3.80) %, (12.70±3.10)%; t 值分别为 2.35, 2.30, P 值均<0.05], 上肢瘦体重 (LM) 升髙 [训练前后分别为 (5.19±0.59) (5.86±0.61); (5.27±0.72) (6.21±0.59) kg] ( t 值分别为 −2.48, −2.94, P 值均< 0.05), 训练前后 MS 组的体脂率 [(14.0±3.3)%, (13.6±2.3)%] 和上肢 LM [(5.33±0.81) (5.41±0.79) kg] 差异无统计学意 义 ( t 值分别为 0.31, −0.22, P值均>0.05)。训练后各组受试者上肢骨矿物质含量 (BMC) 和骨密度 (BMD) 均升髙, 但仅有 SS 组和 SE 组与训练前比较, 差异有统计学意义 ( t 值分别为 −3.07, −2.43, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 对男大学生进行力量耐 力抗阻训练更能有效促进肌力增长、提髙骨密度和改善上肢体成分。

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          CJSH
          Chinese Journal of School Health
          Chinese Journal of School Health (China )
          1000-9817
          01 October 2019
          01 February 2020
          : 40
          : 10
          : 1529-1532
          Affiliations
          [1] 1College of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai (200234), China
          Author notes
          *Corresponding author: HOU Xihe, E-mail: houxihe@ 123456126.com
          Article
          j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.10.025
          10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.10.025
          c11e150d-a85f-4ac5-bfde-7b473248ed6f
          © 2019 Chinese Journal of School Health

          This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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          Categories
          Journal Article

          Ophthalmology & Optometry,Pediatrics,Nutrition & Dietetics,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry,Public health
          Bone density,Students,Male,Body composition,Physical education and training

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