7
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Modulating the Microbiome and Immune Responses Using Whole Plant Fibre in Synbiotic Combination with Fibre-Digesting Probiotic Attenuates Chronic Colonic Inflammation in Spontaneous Colitic Mice Model of IBD

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          A probiotic and prebiotic food ingredient combination was tested for synergistic functioning in modulation of the colonic microbiome and remediation of the gastrointestinal immune and inflammatory responses in a spontaneous colitic mouse model. Bacillus coagulans MTCC5856 spores with capability to metabolise complex plant polysaccharides were supplemented with complex whole-plant prebiotic sugarcane fibre (PSCF). The combined and individual efficacies were tested for their influence on the outcomes of chronic inflammation in Muc2 mutant colitic Winnie mice. The mice were fed normal chow diet supplemented with either ingredient or a combination for 21 days. Synbiotic combined supplementation ameliorated clinical symptoms and histological colonic damage scores more effectively than either B. coagulans or PSCF alone. PSCF and B. coagulans alone also induced considerable immunomodulatory effects. Synbiotic supplementation however was the most efficacious in modulating the overall immune profile compared to the unsupplemented Winnie-control. The augmented synbiotic effect could potentially be due to a combination of increased levels of fermentation products, direct immune-modulating abilities of the components, their capability to reduce colonic epithelial damage and/or modulation of the microbiota. The beneficial effects of the supplementation with a complex plant fibre and a fibre-degrading probiotic parallel the effects seen in human microbiota with high plant fibre diets.

          Related collections

          Most cited references47

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Meta-analyses of human gut microbes associated with obesity and IBD.

          Recent studies have linked human gut microbes to obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, but consistent signals have been difficult to identify. Here we test for indicator taxa and general features of the microbiota that are generally consistent across studies of obesity and of IBD, focusing on studies involving high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (which we could process using a common computational pipeline). We find that IBD has a consistent signature across studies and allows high classification accuracy of IBD from non-IBD subjects, but that although subjects can be classified as lean or obese within each individual study with statistically significant accuracy, consistent with the ability of the microbiota to experimentally transfer this phenotype, signatures of obesity are not consistent between studies even when the data are analyzed with consistent methods. The results suggest that correlations between microbes and clinical conditions with different effect sizes (e.g. the large effect size of IBD versus the small effect size of obesity) may require different cohort selection and analysis strategies.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Dynamics of Human Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Response to Dietary Interventions with Three Fermentable Fibers

            These results reveal that not all fermentable fibers are equally capable of stimulating SCFA production, and they highlight the importance of the composition of an individual’s microbiota in determining whether or not they respond to a specific dietary supplement. In particular, R. bromii or C. chartatabidum may be required for enhanced butyrate production in response to RS. Bifidobacteria, though proficient at degrading RS and inulin, may not contribute to the butyrogenic effect of those fermentable fibers in the short term.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Dietary Polyphenols Promote Growth of the Gut Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila and Attenuate High-Fat Diet–Induced Metabolic Syndrome

              Dietary polyphenols protect against metabolic syndrome, despite limited absorption and digestion, raising questions about their mechanism of action. We hypothesized that one mechanism may involve the gut microbiota. To test this hypothesis, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 1% Concord grape polyphenols (GP). Relative to vehicle controls, GP attenuated several effects of HFD feeding, including weight gain, adiposity, serum inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]α, interleukin [IL]-6, and lipopolysaccharide), and glucose intolerance. GP lowered intestinal expression of inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase) and a gene for glucose absorption (Glut2). GP increased intestinal expression of genes involved in barrier function (occludin) and limiting triglyceride storage (fasting-induced adipocyte factor). GP also increased intestinal gene expression of proglucagon, a precursor of proteins that promote insulin production and gut barrier integrity. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR of cecal and fecal samples demonstrated that GP dramatically increased the growth of Akkermansia muciniphila and decreased the proportion of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, consistent with prior reports that similar changes in microbial community structure can protect from diet-induced obesity and metabolic disease. These data suggest that GP act in the intestine to modify gut microbial community structure, resulting in lower intestinal and systemic inflammation and improved metabolic outcomes. The gut microbiota may thus provide the missing link in the mechanism of action of poorly absorbed dietary polyphenols.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nutrients
                Nutrients
                nutrients
                Nutrients
                MDPI
                2072-6643
                09 August 2020
                August 2020
                : 12
                : 8
                : 2380
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Centre for Food Innovation, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia
                [2 ]Gut Health Research Group, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia; rvemuri@ 123456wakehealth.edu (R.V.); sonia.shastri@ 123456utas.edu.au (S.S.); agampodi.perera@ 123456utas.edu.au (A.P.P.); rajaraman.eri@ 123456utas.edu.au (R.E.)
                [3 ]Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
                [4 ]Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Shakuntla.Gondalia@ 123456csiro.au
                [5 ]Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Gate 13 Kintore Avenue, South Australia 5000, Australia
                [6 ]Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, Queensland 4102, Australia; david.beale@ 123456csiro.au (D.J.B.); avinash.karpe@ 123456csiro.au (A.V.K.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: tanvi.shinde@ 123456utas.edu.au (T.S.); roger.stanley@ 123456utas.edu.au (R.S.); Tel.: +61-4-79107345 (T.S.); +61-4-34565167 (R.S.)
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8551-5841
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-426X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-9940
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-0307
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-9197
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3731-9598
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1688-8043
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-5022
                Article
                nutrients-12-02380
                10.3390/nu12082380
                7468978
                32784883
                c15cca67-0dc7-4d28-bb71-706b01bcc01b
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 16 July 2020
                : 06 August 2020
                Categories
                Article

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                synbiotic,prebiotic,probiotic,inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd),bacillus spores,whole plant sugarcane fibre,short chain fatty acids (scfas),dysbiosis,gut microbiota

                Comments

                Comment on this article