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      Comparação do efeito da nimodipina e da papaverina como vasodilatadores sobre o fluxo na artéria torácica interna esquerda Translated title: Comparison of the effects on the flow in the left internal thoracic artery using nimodipine and papaverine as vasodilators

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo é comparar o fluxo da artéria torácica interna esquerda sob o efeito local farmacológico por embebição e o efeito intraluminal de bloqueador do canal de cálcio com um grupo controle com papaverina. MÉTODO: Foi realizado estudo prospectivo de 73 pacientes submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio, no período de quatro meses, nos quais se utilizou a artéria torácica interna esquerda como parte do grupo de enxertos, operados no período de julho de 2004 e novembro de 2004, para análise de fluxo comparativo entre dois fármacos. Os pacientes foram aleatorizados para receberem os vasodilatadores nimodipina ou papaverina. Foram determinados dois fluxos: o fluxo no Tempo 1, o qual representou o período de ação farmacológica por embebição (extraluminal), e o fluxo no Tempo 2, este representou a ação farmacológica intraluminal. A comparação das médias de fluxo entre os dois grupos de fármacos foi realizada através do teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: Não há evidências de que os fluxos médios dos dois fármacos sejam diferentes no Tempo 1 (p=0,534). Os fluxos médios dos dois fármacos são semelhantes no Tempo 2 (p=0,063). CONCLUSÃO: Não há evidências de que os fluxos médios dos dois fármacos sejam diferentes sob ação por embebição (extraluminal), assim como os fluxos médios dos dois fármacos são semelhantes quando por ação farmacológica intraluminal, tornando a nimodipina uma opção como vasodilatador de ação local comparável à papaverina.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To compare the flow of the left internal thoracic artery under a local pharmacological effect caused by the topical action on the arterial pedicle and the intraluminal effect of a calcium channel blocker with a control group using papaverine. METHODS: Over a period from July to November 2004, a prospective study was performed involving 73 patients who were submitted to coronary artery bypass surgery utilizing the left internal thoracic artery as one of a group of grafts. A comparative analysis of the flow was made when using two different pharmacological agents. The patients were randomized to receive either nimodipine or papaverine as vasodilators. Two types of flow were determined: the flow at Time 1 representing the period of topical action of the drug on the arterial pedicle (extraluminal) and the flow at Time 2 representing the intraluminal action of the drug. A comparison of the means of the two types of flow between the two groups of pharmacological agents was carried out using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: There is no evidence that the mean flow using the two pharmacological agents is different at Time 1 (p = 0.534) or at Time 2 (p = 0.063). CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence that the mean flow varies due to the topical action of one or other drug or that the mean flow is different due to the intraluminal action, proving that nimodipine as a locally acting vasodilator is similar to papaverine.

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          Most cited references41

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          Comparative efficacies and durations of action of phenoxybenzamine, verapamil/nitroglycerin solution, and papaverine as topical antispasmodics for radial artery coronary bypass grafting.

          Radial arteries are increasingly used as conduits for coronary artery bypass grafts, but perioperative graft vasospasm continues to be a concern. Phenoxybenzamine, verapamil/nitroglycerin solution, and papaverine have been advocated as topical antispasmodic agents. We compared the relative efficacies and durations of action of these agents. Isometric tension developed in response to clinically important vasoconstrictors was measured in 100 radial artery rings (from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, n = 25) after 15 minutes of ex vivo incubation with phenoxybenzamine, verapamil/nitroglycerin solution, papaverine, or vehicle (control). Duration of action was assessed by measuring responses to vasoconstrictors in antispasmodic pretreated and control rings at intervals through 5 hours. Verapamil/nitroglycerin solution reduced vasoconstriction in response to epinephrine, angiotensin II, prostaglandin F(2alpha), and phenylephrine but its effect had almost completely waned after 5 hours. Phenoxybenzamine prevented vasoconstriction in response to epinephrine, dopamine, and phenylephrine, with its effect lasting at least 5 hours. Papaverine had limited antispasmodic efficacy and prevented vasoconstriction in response to potassium (60 mmol/L) and phenylephrine for only 1 hour at the longest. Verapamil/nitroglycerin solution has a broad efficacy against a range of vasoconstrictors but a limited duration of action. Papaverine has the shortest duration of action. Phenoxybenzamine is an effective agent with a prolonged duration of action, specifically preventing catecholamine mediated vasospasm of radial artery conduits.
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            Reactivity of the human internal thoracic artery to vasodilators in coronary artery bypass grafting

            K Takeuchi (2004)
            The internal thoracic artery (ITA) is a useful conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the patency rate is indispensable. Recently we have developed a method for increasing ITA blood flow during surgery by directly injecting phosphodiesterase III inhibitor (PDE III-I) into the left ITA (LITA) to prevent its contracture. In this study, we compared the reactivity of LITA blood flows before and after injection of four drugs: saline, papaverine hydrochloride, isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), and PDE III-I.
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              Arterial endothelial denudation by intraluminal use of papaverine-NaCl solution in coronary bypass surgery.

              Preservation of endothelial integrity during coronary artery bypass grafting is considered important for short- and long-term patency of the graft. In current literature there are controversial data about the safety of papaverine, a vasorelaxant widely used in coronary artery bypass grafting. Accordingly, we examined the immediate effects of papaverine on the endothelial morphology of arterial grafts and on viability of cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbccv
                Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
                Braz. J. Cardiovasc. Surg.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular (São José do Rio Preto )
                1678-9741
                December 2006
                : 21
                : 4
                : 403-408
                Affiliations
                [1 ] SBCCV
                [2 ] AMIB
                [3 ] Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo Brazil
                [4 ] SBC
                Article
                S0102-76382006000400010
                10.1590/S0102-76382006000400010
                c225f73e-1c06-4ad4-9889-903f435c09bd

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-7638&lng=en
                Categories
                CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
                SURGERY

                Surgery,Cardiovascular Medicine
                Papaverine,Nimodipine,Mammary arteries,Vasodilator agents,Papaverina,Nimodipino,Artéria torácica interna,Vasodilatadores

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