11
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Neuropsychological assessment in autism spectrum disorder and related conditions Translated title: La evaluación neuropsicológica en el trastorno del espectro autista y los cuadros relacionados Translated title: Évaluation neuropsychologique du trouble du spectre de l'autisme et des maladies qui y sont liées

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Neuropsychological assessment provides a profound analysis of cognitive functioning in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals on the autistic spectrum often show a high level of anxiety and are frequently affected by comorbidities that influence their quality of life. Yet, they also have cognitive strengths that should be identified in order to develop effective support strategies. This article presents an overview of five cognitive areas that are essential for neuropsychological evaluation (ie, intelligence, attention, executive function, social cognition, and praxis) and explores the underlying causes of behavioral problems in persons with ASD. Furthermore, it stresses the importance of meticulous neuropsychological testing with regard to cognitive remediation, a method that can help to enhance single cognitive processes in a targeted manner. Objective test results suggest it might be possible to promote an improved sense of coherence. In line with the salutogenic model, this may be fundamental for human health and well-being.

          Translated abstract

          La evaluación neuropsicológica facilita un profundo análisis del funcionamiento cognitivo en las personas con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Los sujetos con el espectro autista a menudo muestran un alto nivel de ansiedad y presentan con frecuencia comorbilidades que influyen en su calidad de vida. Sin embargo, ellos también tienen fortalezas cognitivas que deben ser identificadas para desarrollar estrategias de soporte efectivas. Este artículo entrega una panorámica de cinco áreas cognitivas que son esenciales para la evaluación neuropsicológica (como inteligencia, atención, función ejecutiva, cognición social y praxis) y explora las causas subyacentes de los problemas conductuales en personas con TEA. Además, se enfatiza la importancia de una evaluación neuropsicológica rigurosa en relación con la remediación cognitiva, un método que puede ayudar a mejorar los procesos cognitivos individuales de una manera específica. Los resultados de las pruebas objetivas sugieren que podría ser posible fomentar un mejor sentido de coherencia en las personas con TEA. En línea con el modelo salutífero, esto puede ser fundamental para la salud y el bienestar humanos.

          Translated abstract

          L'évaluation neuropsychologique permet une analyse approfondie du fonctionnement cognitif chez les sujets atteints de trouble du spectre de l'autisme (TSA). Ces derniers présentent souvent une anxiété importante et souffrent fréquemment de comorbidités influant sur leur qualité de vie. Ils ont pourtant également des aptitudes cognitives qui devraient être identifiées afin de développer des stratégies de soutien efficaces. Cet article présente une vue d'ensemble des cinq domaines cognitifs essentiels pour l'évaluation neuropsychologique (c'est-à-dire, l'intelligence, l'attention, la fonction exécutive, la cognition et la pratique sociales) et explore les causes sous-jacentes des problèmes comportementaux chez les sujets atteints de TSA. De plus, l'importance d'une évaluation neuropsychologique rigoureuse y est soulignée en ce qui concerne la remédiation cognitive, une méthode qui peut améliorer de façon ciblée des processus cognitifs particuliers. D'après des résultats objectifs, le sens de la cohérence pourrait être amélioré chez les sujets ayant un TSA. Ceci pourrait s'avérer crucial pour la santé et le bien-être chez l'homme dans le cadre d'une démarche basée sur la salutogenèse (promotion de la santé).

          Related collections

          Most cited references54

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          The Co-Occurrence of Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children – What Do We Know?

          Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) often co-occur. The DSM-IV had specified that an ASD diagnosis is an exclusion criterion for ADHD, thereby limiting research of this common clinical co-occurrence. As neurodevelopmental disorders, both ASD and ADHD share some phenotypic similarities, but are characterized by distinct diagnostic criteria. The present review will examine the frequency and implications of this clinical co-occurrence in children, with an emphasis on the available data regarding pre-school age. The review will highlight possible etiologies explaining it, and suggest future research directions necessary to enhance our understanding of both etiology and therapeutic interventions, in light of the new DSM-V criteria, allowing for a dual diagnosis.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: An Overview

            The purpose of this column is to provide an overview of social cognition in schizophrenia. The column begins with a short introduction to social cognition. Then, we describe the application of social cognition to the study of schizophrenia, with an emphasis on key domains (i.e., emotion perception, Theory of Mind, and attributional style). We conclude the column by discussing the relationship of social cognition to neurocognition, negative symptoms, and functioning, with an eye toward strategies for improving social cognition in schizophrenia.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The role of selective attention on academic foundations: a cognitive neuroscience perspective.

              To the extent that selective attention skills are relevant for academic foundations and amenable to training, they represent an important focus for the field of education. Here, drawing on research on the neurobiology of attention, we review hypothesized links between selective attention and processing across three domains important to early academic skills. First, we provide a brief review of the neural bases of selective attention, emphasizing the effects of selective attention on neural processing, as well as the neural systems important to deploying selective attention and managing response conflict. Second, we examine the developmental time course of selective attention. It is argued that developmental differences in selective attention are related to the neural systems important for deploying selective attention and managing response conflict. In contrast, once effectively deployed, selective attention acts through very similar neural mechanisms across ages. In the third section, we relate the processes of selective attention to three domains important to academic foundations: language, literacy, and mathematics. Fourth, drawing on recent literatures on the effects of video-game play and mind-brain training on selective attention, we discuss the possibility of training selective attention. The final section examines the application of these principles to educationally-focused attention-training programs for children. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues Clin Neurosci
                Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
                Les Laboratoires Servier (France )
                1294-8322
                1958-5969
                December 2017
                December 2017
                : 19
                : 4
                : 373-379
                Affiliations
                I.M.Pro Marguerite Sinclair, Lutterbach, France
                Author notes
                Article
                10.31887/DCNS.2017.19.4/gzwick
                5789214
                29398932
                c235584e-9be1-4c3e-b533-e102aa96640e
                Copyright: © 2017 AICH - Servier Research Group. All rights reserved

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Clinical Research

                Neurosciences
                attention,autistic spectrum,executive function,intelligence,neuropsychological assessment,praxis,salutogenesis,social cognition

                Comments

                Comment on this article