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      Proyecto Lázaro (2016): de la criopreservación celular a humana. Mito y realidad para la formación docente en el área de Ciencias de la Salud Translated title: Realive (2016): from celular to human cryopreservation. Myth and reality for teacher training in the area of health sciences

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          Abstract

          Resumen Existe un creciente pensamiento de postergar el avance de una enfermedad terminal mediante la criopreservación de los cuerpos de los pacientes. Ante el miedo a morir de enfermedades se confían que en el futuro podrán ser reanimados y tratados con novedosas terapias que le supondrán la cura y eliminación de la patología. Aunque parezca ciencia ficción la realidad es que ya se está realizando con organismos celulares para la conservación de especies y ante enfermedades que alteran la reproducción. Sin embargo, cuando se trata de embriones los comités éticos no tienen todavía una estrategia definida. Por esa razón, este trabajo intenta enfocar una interrelación entre profesorado y alumnado para la discusión y reflexión de la criopreservación de pacientes, mostrando los últimos avances e informes sobre este aspecto.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract There is a growing thought of delaying the progression of a terminal illness by cryopreservation of the bodies of patients. Faced with the fear of dying from diseases, they are confident that in the future they will be able to be revived and treated with novel therapies that will lead to the cure and elimination of the pathology. Although it seems science fiction, the reality is that it is already being carried out with cellular organisms for the conservation of species and against diseases that alter reproduction. However, when it comes to embryos, the ethical committees do not yet have a defined strategy. For this reason, this work tries to focus on an interrelation between teachers and students for the discussion and reflection of the cryopreservation of patients, showing the latest advances and reports on this aspect.

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          Most cited references22

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          Revival of spermatozoa after vitrification and dehydration at low temperatures.

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            The cryobiology of spermatozoa.

            The impact of successful cryopreservation of spermatozoa can be found in many fields, including agriculture, laboratory animal medicine, and human assisted reproduction, providing a cost-effective and efficient method to preserve genetic material for decades. The success of any cryobiologic protocol depends critically on understanding the fundamentals that underlie the process. In this review, we summarize the biophysical fundamentals critical to much of the research in sperm cryobiology, provide a synopsis of the development of sperm cryobiology as a discipline, and present the current state and directions for future research in sperm cryobiology in the three major areas outlined above-agriculture, laboratory animal medicine, and human clinical assisted reproduction. There is much room for new research, both empiric and fundamental, in all areas, including refinement of mathematical models, optimization of cryoprotective agent addition and removal procedures for spermatozoa from many species, development of effective, efficient, and facile cryopreservation protocols and freezing containers for agricultural sperm cryopreservation, and tailoring cryopreservation protocols for individual human samples.
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              International consensus: ovarian tissue cryopreservation in young Turner syndrome patients: outcomes of an ethical Delphi study including 55 experts from 16 different countries

              Abstract STUDY QUESTION What is the standpoint of an international expert panel on ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) in young females with Turner syndrome (TS)? SUMMARY ANSWER The expert panel states that OTC should be offered to young females with TS, but under strict conditions only. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY OTC is already an option for preserving the fertility of young females at risk of iatrogenic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). Offering OTC to females with a genetic cause of POI could be the next step. One of the most common genetic disorders related to POI is TS. Due to an early depletion of the ovarian reserve, most females with TS are confronted with infertility before reaching adulthood. However, before offering OTC as an experimental fertility preservation option to young females with TS, medical and ethical concerns need to be addressed. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A three-round ethical Delphi study was conducted to systematically discuss whether the expected benefits exceed the expected negative consequences of OTC in young females with TS. The aim was to reach group consensus and form an international standpoint based on selected key statements. The study took place between February and December 2018. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Anonymous panel selection was based on expertise in TS, fertility preservation or medical ethics. A mixed panel of 12 gynaecologists, 13 (paediatric) endocrinologists, 10 medical ethicists and 20 patient representatives from 16 different countries gave consent to participate in this international Delphi study. In the first two rounds, experts were asked to rate and rank 38 statements regarding OTC in females with TS. Participants were offered the possibility to adjust their opinions after repetitive feedback. The selection of key statements was based on strict inclusion criteria. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 46 participants completed the first Delphi round (response rate 84%). Based on strict selection criteria, six key statements were selected, and 13 statements were discarded. The remaining 19 statements and two additional statements submitted by the expert panel were re-evaluated in the second round by 41 participants (response rate 75%). The analysis of the second survey resulted in the inclusion of two additional key statements. After the approval of these eight key statements, the majority of the expert panel (96%) believed that OTC should be offered to young females with TS, but in a safe and controlled research setting first, with proper counselling and informed consent procedures, before offering this procedure in routine care. The remaining participants (4%) did not object but did not respond despite several reminders. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The anonymous nature of this study may have led to lack of accountability. The selection of experts was based on their willingness to participate. The fact that not all panellists took part in all rounds may have resulted in selection bias. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This international standpoint is the first step in the global acceptance of OTC in females with TS. Future collaborative research with a focus on efficacy and safety and long-term follow-up is urgently needed. Furthermore, we recommend an international register for fertility preservation procedures in females with TS. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Unconditional funding (A16-1395) was received from Merck B.V., The Netherlands. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmc
                Revista de Medicina y Cine
                Rev Med Cine
                Universidad de Salamanca (Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain )
                1885-5210
                September 2022
                : 18
                : 3
                : 193-204
                Affiliations
                [4] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Granada orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de Ceuta orgdiv2Departamento de Fisiología Spain
                [2] orgnameServicio Andaluz de Salud orgdiv1Distrito Granada Nordeste España
                [1] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Granada orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de Ceuta orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                [3] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Cádiz orgdiv1Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz Spain
                Article
                S1885-52102022000300002 S1885-5210(22)01800300002
                10.14201/rmc.27412
                c243d93c-166f-49bd-8954-d2cf8646ce73

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 October 2021
                : 20 November 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 12
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                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos

                cryopreservation,reanimación,criónica,criogenia,criopreservación,revival,cryonics,cryogenics

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