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      Interfacial nanoarchitectonics for responsive cellular biosystems

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          Abstract

          The living cell can be regarded as an ideal functional material system in which many functional systems are working together with high efficiency and specificity mostly under mild ambient conditions. Fabrication of living cell–like functional materials is regarded as one of the final goals of the nanoarchitectonics approach. In this short review article, material-based approaches for regulation of living cell behaviors by external stimuli are discussed. Nanoarchitectonics strategies on cell regulation by various external inputs are first exemplified. Recent approaches on cell regulation with interfacial nanoarchitectonics are also discussed in two extreme cases using a very hard interface with nanoarchitected carbon arrays and a fluidic interface of the liquid-liquid interface. Importance of interfacial nanoarchitectonics in controlling living cells by mechanical and supramolecular stimuli from the interfaces is demonstrated.

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          Highlights

          • Material-based approaches for the regulation of living cells behaviors by external stimuli are discussed.

          • Nanoarchitectonics material approaches on cell regulations by various external inputs are exemplified.

          • Cell regulation with interfacial nanoarchitectonics is discussed under two extreme interfacial conditions.

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          Most cited references148

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          Mechanical forces direct stem cell behaviour in development and regeneration

          Stem cells and their local microenvironment, or niche, communicate through mechanical cues to regulate cell fate and cell behaviour and to guide developmental processes. During embryonic development, mechanical forces are involved in patterning and organogenesis. The physical environment of pluripotent stem cells regulates their self-renewal and differentiation. Mechanical and physical cues are also important in adult tissues, where adult stem cells require physical interactions with the extracellular matrix to maintain their potency. In vitro, synthetic models of the stem cell niche can be used to precisely control and manipulate the biophysical and biochemical properties of the stem cell microenvironment and to examine how the mode and magnitude of mechanical cues, such as matrix stiffness or applied forces, direct stem cell differentiation and function. Fundamental insights into the mechanobiology of stem cells also inform the design of artificial niches to support stem cells for regenerative therapies.
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            Direct-current nanogenerator driven by ultrasonic waves.

            We have developed a nanowire nanogenerator that is driven by an ultrasonic wave to produce continuous direct-current output. The nanogenerator was fabricated with vertically aligned zinc oxide nanowire arrays that were placed beneath a zigzag metal electrode with a small gap. The wave drives the electrode up and down to bend and/or vibrate the nanowires. A piezoelectric-semiconducting coupling process converts mechanical energy into electricity. The zigzag electrode acts as an array of parallel integrated metal tips that simultaneously and continuously create, collect, and output electricity from all of the nanowires. The approach presents an adaptable, mobile, and cost-effective technology for harvesting energy from the environment, and it offers a potential solution for powering nanodevices and nanosystems.
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              Electromagnetic Response and Energy Conversion for Functions and Devices in Low‐Dimensional Materials

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Mater Today Bio
                Materials Today Bio
                Elsevier
                2590-0064
                11 September 2020
                September 2020
                11 September 2020
                : 8
                : 100075
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
                [b ]World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. ARIGA.Katsuhiko@ 123456nims.go.jp
                Article
                S2590-0064(20)30035-1 100075
                10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100075
                7529844
                c2fd9f43-3e5d-4ca3-a530-acb8f448b683
                © 2020 The Author(s)

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 19 July 2020
                : 26 August 2020
                : 28 August 2020
                Categories
                Review Article

                differentiation,external stimuli,interface,living cell,nanotechnology,stem cells

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