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      Cirugía de revascularización miocárdica: análisis de supervivencia a corto y largo plazo Translated title: Myocardial revascularization surgery: short and long-term survival analysis

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          Abstract

          Resumen Fundamento Describir la supervivencia y evolución clínica de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización miocárdica, identificando los factores predictores del resultado quirúrgico a corto y largo plazo. Método Estudio de una cohorte de 175 pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización miocárdica coronaria pura o mixta en un servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, reclutada entre 2008 y 2010 y seguida durante diez años. Se realizó análisis descriptivo, de regresión logística (OR e IC95%) y de supervivencia por (Kaplan Meier y regresión de Cox uni y multivariante (HR e IC95%) a corto (un año) y largo plazo (diez años). Resultados Cohorte con predominio masculino (85,1%), media de edad 67 años (45-84), y EuroSCORE medio de 5,3%. La mortalidad fue 6,8% al año y 26,9% a los 10 años La media de supervivencia de los fallecidos fue 40 meses (32,2-47,8). A corto plazo, un mejor grado funcional preoperatorio NYHA≤III se asoció no significativamente a menor mortalidad (OR :0,11; IC95%: 0,01-1,08; p=0,058), mientras que el sexo femenino (OR: 2,94; IC95%: 1,01-8,57; p=0,048) y un EuroSCORE >4% (OR: 4,94; IC95%: 1,52-16,1; p=0,008) incrementaron el riesgo de presentar eventos cardiacos adversos. A largo plazo, mayor edad (HR: 1,06; IC95%: 1,01-1,10; p=0,026) y menor índice de masa corporal tras el primer año postoperatorio (HR: 0,90; IC95%: 0,81-0,99; p=0,040) fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad. Conclusiones La edad fue predictor independiente de mortalidad a largo plazo, mientras que el sexo femenino y un EuroSCORE >4% se asociaron con mayor riesgo de padecer eventos cardiovasculares a corto plazo.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Background This study sets out to describe the survival and clinical evolution of patients who undergo myocardial revascularisation surgery, and identifies the short- and long-term predictive factors for surgical outcomes. Methods Study of a cohort of 175 patients undergoing pure or mixed coronary myocardial revascularisation surgery at a heart surgery unit, recruited between 2008 and 2010 and monitored for ten years. Descriptive and logistic regression (OR and 95%CI) analysis were carried out, along with an analysis of survival by Kaplan Meier and Cox uni- and multivariate regression (HR and 95%CI) in the short- (one year) and long-term (ten years). Results Predominantly male cohort (85.1%), mean age of 67 years (45-84), and mean EuroSCORE of 5.3%. Mortality was 6.8 and 26.9% at 1 and 10 years, respectively. Mean survival of deceased individuals was 40 months (32.2-47.8). In the short-term, a better NYHA ≤III preoperative functional level was not significantly associated with lower mortality (OR: 0.11; 95%CI: 0.01-1.08; p=0.058), while being female (OR: 2.94; 95%CI: 1.01-8.57; p=0.048) and having a EuroSCORE of >4% (OR: 4.94; 95%CI: 1.52-16.10; p=0.008) showed an increased risk of presenting adverse cardiac events. In the long-term, greater age (HR: 1.06; 95%CI: 1.01-1.10; p=0.026) and lower rates of body mass index after the first postoperative year (HR: 0.90; 95%CI: 0.81-0.99; p=0.040) were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion Age was an independent predictor of long-term mortality, while being female and a EuroSCORE >4% were associated with a higher risk of suffering from short-term cardiovascular events.

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          Most cited references40

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          Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease: 10-year follow-up of the multicentre randomised controlled SYNTAX trial

          The Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) trial was a non-inferiority trial that compared percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using first-generation paclitaxel-eluting stents with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with de-novo three-vessel and left main coronary artery disease, and reported results up to 5 years. We now report 10-year all-cause death results.
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            Body mass index and mortality in heart failure: a meta-analysis.

            In patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), previous studies have reported reduced mortality rates in patients with increased body mass index (BMI). The potentially protective effect of increased BMI in CHF has been termed the obesity paradox or reverse epidemiology. This meta-analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between increased BMI and mortality in patients with CHF. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify studies with contemporaneous control groups (cohort, case-control, or randomized controlled trials) that examined the effect of obesity on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion and performed data extraction. Nine observational studies met final inclusion criteria (total n = 28,209). Mean length of follow-up was 2.7 years. Compared to individuals without elevated BMI levels, both overweight (BMI approximately 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2), RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79-0.90) and obesity (BMI approximately > or =30 kg/m(2), RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.62-0.73) were associated with lower all-cause mortality. Overweight (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.72-0.92) and obesity (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.53-0.69) were also associated with lower cardiovascular mortality. In a risk-adjusted sensitivity analysis, both obesity (adjusted HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.93) and overweight (adjusted HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.97) remained protective against mortality. Overweight and obesity were associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates in patients with CHF and were not associated with increased mortality in any study. There is a need for prospective studies to elucidate mechanisms for this relationship.
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              The REduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry: an international, prospective, observational investigation in subjects at risk for atherothrombotic events-study design.

              The risk of atherothrombosis is a large health care burden worldwide. With its global prevalence, there is a need to understand all the associated risk factors, both old and new, and their interdependencies in the development of this complex disease leading to myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and vascular death and, thus, the major cause of mortality throughout the world. The REACH Registry sought to compile an international data set to extend our knowledge of atherothrombotic risk factors and ischemic events in the outpatient setting. The Registry will recruit approximately 68,000 outpatients in 44 countries across 6 major regions (Latin America, North America, Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Australia) from >5000 physician outpatient practices. Patients aged > or =45 years with at least 3 atherothrombotic risk factors or documented cerebrovascular, coronary artery, or peripheral arterial disease will be enrolled. Medical history, risk factors, demographic information, and management will be collected at baseline, and clinical events that occur during the follow-up period of up to 2 years in duration will be recorded. The REACH Registry offers an opportunity to provide a better understanding of the prevalence and clinical consequences of atherothrombosis in the outpatient setting in a wide range of patients from different parts of the world.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                asisna
                Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra
                Anales Sis San Navarra
                Gobierno de Navarra. Departamento de Salud (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                1137-6627
                April 2021
                : 44
                : 1
                : 9-21
                Affiliations
                [1] Pamplona orgnameComplejo Hospitalario de Navarra orgdiv1Cirugía Cardiaca. Quirófano Central I España
                [2] Pamplona orgnameComplejo Hospitalario de Navarra orgdiv1Unidad Coronaria y Exploraciones Cardiológicas España
                Article
                S1137-66272021000100002 S1137-6627(21)04400100002
                10.23938/assn.934
                c32452b1-fd83-4a88-b157-9eaa444df1a5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 July 2020
                : 30 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos Originales

                Factores pronóstico,Coronary artery bypass surgery,Myocardial revascularization,Treatment outcome,Survival,Prognostic factors,Cirugía bypass aortocoronario,Revascularización miocárdica,Supervivencia,Resultados

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