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      Inelastic compaction and permeability evolution in volcanic rock

      , ,
      Solid Earth
      Copernicus GmbH

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          Abstract

          <p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Active volcanoes are mechanically dynamic environments, and edifice-forming material may often be subjected to significant amounts of stress and strain. It is understood that porous volcanic rock can compact inelastically under a wide range of in situ conditions. In this contribution, we explore the evolution of porosity and permeability – critical properties influencing the style and magnitude of volcanic activity – as a function of inelastic compaction of porous andesite under triaxial conditions. Progressive axial strain accumulation is associated with progressive porosity loss. The efficiency of compaction was found to be related to the effective confining pressure under which deformation occurred: at higher effective pressure, more porosity was lost for any given amount of axial strain. Permeability evolution is more complex, with small amounts of stress-induced compaction ( &amp;lt; <span class="thinspace"></span>0.05, i.e. less than 5<span class="thinspace"></span>% reduction in sample length) yielding an increase in permeability under all effective pressures tested, occasionally by almost 1 order of magnitude. This phenomenon is considered here to be the result of improved connectivity of formerly isolated porosity during triaxial loading. This effect is then overshadowed by a decrease in permeability with further inelastic strain accumulation, especially notable at high axial strains ( &amp;gt; <span class="thinspace"></span>0.20) where samples may undergo a reduction in permeability by 2 orders of magnitude relative to their initial values. A physical limit to compaction is discussed, which we suggest is echoed in a limit to the potential for permeability reduction in compacting volcanic rock. Compiled literature data illustrate that at high axial strain (both in the brittle and ductile regimes), porosity <i>ϕ</i> and permeability <i>k</i> tend to converge towards intermediate values (i.e. 0.10 ≤ <i>ϕ</i> ≤ <span class="thinspace"></span>0.20; 10<sup>−14</sup> ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 10<sup>−13</sup><span class="thinspace"></span>m<sup>2</sup>). These results are discussed in light of their potential ramifications for impacting edifice outgassing – and in turn, eruptive activity – in active volcanoes.</p>

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Solid Earth
                Solid Earth
                Copernicus GmbH
                1869-9529
                2017
                April 27 2017
                : 8
                : 2
                : 561-581
                Article
                10.5194/se-8-561-2017
                c34da3eb-8b65-4239-a2d5-bb5625ec58ee
                © 2017

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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