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      Representaciones sociales del proceso salud-enfermedad bucal en madres gestantes de una población urbana: Medellín, Colombia Translated title: Social representations of pregnant mothers in an urban community: Medellín, Colombia

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Comprender las representaciones sociales del proceso salud-enfermedad bucal en madres gestantes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa. Fueron entrevistadas 28 mujeres adultas, en periodo de gestación, asistentes a un programa prenatal en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, durante los años 2006-2007. Las entrevistas, grabadas y transcritas, se analizaron mediante codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. RESULTADOS: Las madres se manifiestan dispuestas a dar a sus hijos una buena salud bucal; la consideran su responsabilidad-culpa, y para lograrlo, reclaman apoyo del personal de salud, apoyo que en ocasiones no copa sus expectativas y necesidades. CONCLUSIONES: Se requieren profesionales que integren, desde su formación, tanto la dimensión social como conocimientos técnico-científicos, que reconozcan la coexistencia de diferentes racionalidades en el encuentro educativo y relativicen sus conceptos propios, dando propuestas educativas que supongan rupturas paradigmáticas para lograr el apoyo requerido, respetando la autonomía de las madres, sin culpabilizarlas.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To understand social representations of oral health-disease among pregnant mothers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted for which 28 pregnant adult women were interviewed who attended a prenatal program at a health institution in the city of Medellín, Colombia between 2006 and 2007. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and analyses were performed using open, axial and selective coding. RESULTS: Mothers would like to provide their children good oral health and consider it their responsibility; associated guilt is also experienced. To fulfill this responsibility, mothers request support from health personnel, which at times does not meet their needs and expectations. CONCLUSIONS: Professionals are needed who, beginning with their education, integrate the social dimension with technical-scientific knowledge, who recognize the coexistence of different rationalities in the educational setting and put them into perspective, venturing into educational proposals that break with paradigms in order to achieve the support required, while respecting the autonomy of the mothers without blaming them.

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          The Discovery of Grounded Theory

          <p>Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data--systematically obtained and analyzed in social research--can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data--grounded theory--is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications.</p><p>In Part I of the book, Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis, the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data, the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, Implications of Grounded Theory, Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory.</p><p>The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena--political, educational, economic, industrial-- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data.</p></p>
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            Bases para la investigación Cualitativa: Técnicas y procedimientos para desarrollar la teoría fundamentada

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              Sujeito, intersubjetividade e práticas de saúde

              Neste artigo se discute o conceito de sujeito utilizado nas práticas de saúde. Parte-se da tese de que a concepção de sujeito predominante no pensamento sanitário não está em sintonia com valores e pressupostos que orientam as principais propostas de renovação de conceitos e práticas de saúde na atualidade. Defende-se o caráter relacional, pragmático e reconstrutivo das identidades subjetivas, contra o caráter individualista, apriorístico e objetificado prevalente nas práticas do setor. Desdobra-se desta reflexão a defesa de transformações das práticas de saúde, com base em "giros" teórico-filosóficos, relacionados entre si: a) secundarização da idéia de sujeito em favor da idéia de contextos de intersubjetividade, na construção de categorias para o conhecimento e intervenção; b) subsunção do interesse pelo controle técnico das doenças na idéia mais abrangente de sucesso prático de projetos de felicidade humana, na definição das finalidades da intervenção; c) transformação do cuidado, na atitude orientadora do conjunto das ações voltadas para a saúde das pessoas.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                spm
                Salud Pública de México
                Salud pública Méx
                Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico )
                0036-3634
                February 2010
                : 52
                : 1
                : 46-51
                Affiliations
                [01] Medellín orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología Colombia
                Article
                S0036-36342010000100008 S0036-3634(10)05200108
                10.1590/s0036-36342010000100008
                c3b85fd6-2a01-4a25-b0b3-75f0f7a7815f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 March 2009
                : 28 August 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 44, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Artículos Originales

                madres,gestación,Colombia,oral health,qualitative research,mothers,pregnancy,health education,investigación cualitativa,salud bucal,educación en salud

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