Fibrosarcoma en ovinos de la zona altiplánica del Perú: reporte de casos Translated title: Ovine fibrosarcoma in the plateau high lands of Peru: Case report

Abstract

Las enfermedades neoplásicas afectan notoriamente la salud de los ovinos y por tanto, la rentabilidad de la crianza de esta especie. Con la finalidad de realizar un estudio macro y microscópico de dos casos de cáncer abdominal, se tomó una borrega (caso 1) procedente del distrito de Umachiri, provincia de Melgar, zona norte del departamento de Puno y otra borrega (caso 2) procedente del distrito de Laraqueri, provincia de Puno, zona sur oeste del mismo departamento; ambas zonas pertenecen al sector peruano de la meseta del Collao. Los dos especímenes se encontraban padeciendo de enfermedad crónica caquectizante sin respuesta a ningún esquema terapéutico. Las dos borregas se recibieron como casos patológicos a estudiarse en el Curso de Patología Veterinaria General de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ) de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno (UNAP). Ambos animales fueron sacrificados por eutanasia utilizando pentobarbital sódico. Se hizo la necropsia de ambos casos en el Laboratorio de Patología macroscópica de la FMVZ, UNAP, se tomaron muestras para el estudio microscópico; las muestras se procesaron en el Laboratorio de Histopatología de la mencionada facultad. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: macroscópicamente, en la cavidad abdominal del caso 1, se observó numerosos nódulos blanquecinos de diferentes tamaños, bordes irregulares, firmes al tacto e invadiendo tejidos adyacentes incluyendo ganglios linfáticos mesentéricos; en el mesenterio del caso 2, se observó un solo nódulo blanquecino de consistencia firme, con bordes muy irregulares, invadiendo algunas asas intestinales cercanas; microscópicamente, en ambos casos se observó tejido fibroso anaplásico, conformado por fibroblastos pleomórficos, atípicos y algunos se observaron multinucleados; en el caso 1, además, se constataron numerosos focos necróticos en proceso de calcificación. Estos hallazgos macroscópicos de lesiones nodulares pálidos, de forma irregular, firmes al tacto y resistentes al corte; que al examinarlas microscópicamente se observó tejido fibroso pobremente diferenciado, en estos dos casos estudiados, permiten concluir que corresponden a fibrosarcoma, siendo el caso 1, de carácter terminal.

Translated abstract

Neoplastic diseases affect notoriously the health of the sheep and therefore, the profitability of the breeding of this species. In order to perform a macro and microscopic study of two cases of abdominal cancer, a sheep was taken (case 1) from the district of Umachiri, province of Melgar, north zone of the department of Puno, and another sheep (case 2) from the district of Laraqueri, province of Puno, southwest area of the same department; both zones belong to the Peruvian sector of the Collao plateau high lands. The two specimens were suffering from chronic weakening disease without response to any therapeutic scheme. The two ewes were received as pathological cases to be studied in the Course of General Veterinary Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics (FMVZ) of the National University of Altiplano in Puno city (UNAP). Both animals were sacrificed by euthanasia using sodium pentobarbital. Necropsy was performed in both cases in the FMVZ's Laboratory of Macroscopic Pathology of UNAP, tumor tissue samples were taken for the microscopic study; The samples were processed in the Histopathology Laboratory of the aforementioned faculty. The results were as follows: macroscopically, in the abdominal cavity of case 1, numerous whitish nodules were observed, with irregular edges, firm to the touch invading adjacent tissues including numerous mesenteric lymph nodes; in the mesentery of case 2, a single whitish nodule of firm consistency was observed, with very irregular borders and quite invasive to adjacent intestinal loops; microscopically, in both cases, anaplastic fibrous tissue was observed, conformed by pleomorphic fibroblasts, some multinucleated and atypical; in case 1, in addition, numerous necrotic tumor tissue in process of calcification foci were found. These macroscopic findings of nodular-pale lesions, irregularly shaped, firm to the touch, and resistant to cut; that when examined microscopically, poorly differentiated fibrous tissue was observed, in these two cases studied, allow us to conclude that they correspond to fibrosarcoma and the case 1 was a terminal one.