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      Tracing Phase Transformation and Lattice Evolution in a TRIP Sheet Steel under High-Temperature Annealing by Real-Time In Situ Neutron Diffraction

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      Crystals
      MDPI AG

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          Abstract

          Real-time in situ neutron diffraction was used to characterize the crystal structure evolution in a transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) sheet steel during annealing up to 1000 °C and then cooling to 60 °C. Based on the results of full-pattern Rietveld refinement, critical temperature regions were determined in which the transformations of retained austenite to ferrite and ferrite to high-temperature austenite during heating and the transformation of austenite to ferrite during cooling occurred, respectively. The phase-specific lattice variation with temperature was further analyzed to comprehensively understand the role of carbon diffusion in accordance with phase transformation, which also shed light on the determination of internal stress in retained austenite. These results prove the technique of real-time in situ neutron diffraction as a powerful tool for heat treatment design of novel metallic materials.

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          Phase-Transformation Ductilization of Brittle High-Entropy Alloys via Metastability Engineering

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            Visualizing the chemistry and structure dynamics in lithium-ion batteries by in-situ neutron diffraction

            We report an in-situ neutron diffraction study of a large format pouch battery cell. The succession of Li-Graphite intercalation phases was fully captured under an 1C charge-discharge condition (i.e., charge to full capacity in 1 hour). However, the lithiation and dilithiation pathways are distinctively different and, unlike in slowing charging experiments with which the Li-Graphite phase diagram was established, no LiC24 phase was found during charge at 1C rate. Approximately 75 mol. % of the graphite converts to LiC6 at full charge, and a lattice dilation as large as 4% was observed during a charge-discharge cycle. Our work demonstrates the potential of in-situ, time and spatially resolved neutron diffraction study of the dynamic chemical and structural changes in “real-world” batteries under realistic cycling conditions, which should provide microscopic insights on degradation and the important role of diffusion kinetics in energy storage materials.
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              Structure–properties relationship in TRIP steels containing carbide-free bainite

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                CRYSBC
                Crystals
                Crystals
                MDPI AG
                2073-4352
                September 2018
                September 11 2018
                : 8
                : 9
                : 360
                Article
                10.3390/cryst8090360
                c4087271-2f2c-44ec-8c5f-eee78a772166
                © 2018

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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