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      Spinal cholinergic interneurons regulate the excitability of motoneurons during locomotion.

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
      Acetylcholine, Action Potentials, Animals, Interneurons, physiology, Locomotion, Mice, Motor Activity, Motor Neurons, Receptor, Muscarinic M2, Spinal Cord, cytology

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          Abstract

          To effect movement, motoneurons must respond appropriately to motor commands. Their responsiveness to these inputs, or excitability, is regulated by neuromodulators. Possible sources of modulation include the abundant cholinergic "C boutons" that surround motoneuron somata. In the present study, recordings from motoneurons in spinal cord slices demonstrated that cholinergic activation of m2-type muscarinic receptors increases excitability by reducing the action potential afterhyperpolarization. Analyses of isolated spinal cord preparations in which fictive locomotion was elicited demonstrated that endogenous cholinergic inputs increase motoneuron excitability during locomotion. Anatomical data indicate that C boutons originate from a discrete group of interneurons lateral to the central canal, the medial partition neurons. These results highlight a unique component of spinal motor networks that is critical in ensuring that sufficient output is generated by motoneurons to drive motor behavior.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          17287343
          1794344
          10.1073/pnas.0611134104

          Chemistry
          Acetylcholine,Action Potentials,Animals,Interneurons,physiology,Locomotion,Mice,Motor Activity,Motor Neurons,Receptor, Muscarinic M2,Spinal Cord,cytology

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