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      Mechanically Activated Ion Channels.

      1 , 1 , 2
      Neuron

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          Abstract

          Mechanotransduction, the conversion of physical forces into biochemical signals, is essential for various physiological processes such as the conscious sensations of touch and hearing, and the unconscious sensation of blood flow. Mechanically activated (MA) ion channels have been proposed as sensors of physical force, but the identity of these channels and an understanding of how mechanical force is transduced has remained elusive. A number of recent studies on previously known ion channels along with the identification of novel MA ion channels have greatly transformed our understanding of touch and hearing in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we present an updated review of eukaryotic ion channel families that have been implicated in mechanotransduction processes and evaluate the qualifications of the candidate genes according to specified criteria. We then discuss the proposed gating models for MA ion channels and highlight recent structural studies of mechanosensitive potassium channels.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Neuron
          Neuron
          1097-4199
          0896-6273
          Sep 23 2015
          : 87
          : 6
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
          [2 ] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: ardem@scripps.edu.
          Article
          S0896-6273(15)00726-6 NIHMS718974
          10.1016/j.neuron.2015.08.032
          4582600
          26402601
          c50072c6-b8c3-4d9d-99e2-7f0f293d1f44
          Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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