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      Riqueza y abundancia de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae) en ambientes urbanos y su vegetación aledaña al poniente de la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacán, México Translated title: Species richness and abundance of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in western urban environments and its contiguous vegetation from Morelia City, Michoacán, Mexico

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          Abstract

          Resumen En el poniente de la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacán, México, se muestrearon mensualmente durante un año 3 fraccionamientos similares en tipo de viviendas, pero diferentes en tiempo transcurrido desde su construcción, para estudiar la riqueza y abundancia de arañas. También se hicieron 44 muestreos adicionales en vegetación colindante. Los fraccionamientos se denominaron: localidades “vieja”, “mediana” y “joven”. Mediante recolecta directa, trampas de caída y manta de golpeo, se capturaron 7,065 arañas; 4,281 (721 ♀♀, 369 ♂♂ y 3,191 inmaduros) determinadas y ubicadas en 23 familias, 48 géneros y 54 especies. Hubo diferencia estadística en la proporción de abundancia adultos/inmaduros entre fraccionamientos (χ2 = 38.825; p < 0.0001). Anosim no detectó diferencia significativa entre fraccionamientos por el tiempo de haber sido construidos (R = 0.009; p = 0.167), pero se reconoce una tendencia de cambio debida al tiempo transcurrido desde su construcción. La abundancia por especie entre el fraccionamiento viejo fue diferente con el joven (p = 0.028) y la vegetación colindante (p = 0.049). La familia Salticidae (22 especies) y el género Sassacus (4) presentaron mayor riqueza; mientras que Filistatinella kahloae (663 individuos) fue la especie más abundante. Microlinyphia dana representa registros nuevos de género y especie para México.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract In the west of the city of Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico, 3 urban localities with similar type of housing construction, but different in time since their construction were sampled monthly for a year to study the richness and abundance of spiders. Four additional samples were also made in adjacent vegetation. The localities were called: “old”, “medium” and “young”. Through direct hand-picking, pit-fall traps, and beating sheets, 7,065 spiders were captured; 4,281 (721 ♀♀, 369 ♂♂ and 3,191 immature) determined in 23 families, 48 genera and 54 species. There was a statistical difference in the ratio of adult/immature abundance between urban locations (χ2 = 38.825; p < 0.0001). ANOSIM did not detect a significant difference among localities due to the time they were built (R = 0.009; p = 0.167); but a trend of change due to the time elapsed since its construction is recognized. The abundance by species was different between the old housing development with the young (p = 0.028) and the adjoining vegetation (p = 0.049). The family Salticidae (22 species) and the genus Sassacus (4) presented greater richness, while Filistatinella kahloae (663 individuals) was the most abundant species. Microlinyphia dana represents new genus and species records for Mexico.

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          Approaching a state shift in Earth's biosphere.

          Localized ecological systems are known to shift abruptly and irreversibly from one state to another when they are forced across critical thresholds. Here we review evidence that the global ecosystem as a whole can react in the same way and is approaching a planetary-scale critical transition as a result of human influence. The plausibility of a planetary-scale 'tipping point' highlights the need to improve biological forecasting by detecting early warning signs of critical transitions on global as well as local scales, and by detecting feedbacks that promote such transitions. It is also necessary to address root causes of how humans are forcing biological changes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmbiodiv
                Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
                Rev. Mex. Biodiv.
                Instituto de Biología (México, DF, Mexico )
                1870-3453
                2007-8706
                2021
                : 92
                : e923650
                Affiliations
                [1] Morelia orgnameUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás Hidalgo orgdiv1Facultad de Biología orgdiv2Laboratorio de Entomología “Biol. Sócrates Cisneros Paz” Mexico
                [2] Santa Cruz Tlaxcala orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Instituto de Biología orgdiv2Laboratorio de Aracnología (LATLAX) Mexico
                Article
                S1870-34532021000100339 S1870-3453(21)09200000339
                10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3650
                c5561543-431d-4475-a72b-bcb983072df4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 December 2020
                : 18 July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 58, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Ecología

                Arañas sinantrópicas,Indicator species,New records,Inventory,Diversity,Synanthropic spiders,Especies indicadoras,Nuevos registros,Inventario,Diversidad

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