Psychometric properties of Persian version of the Caring Dimension Inventory (PCDI-25)

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Abstract

Background:

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of Persian version of the 25-item Caring Dimension Inventory (CDI-25).

Materials and Methods:

A psychometric instrument validation study was designed. Content validity, internal consistency, and stability were confirmed. A total of 288 participants (143 nurses and 145 nursing students) were selected based on quota sampling approach.

Results:

The PCDI-23 showed good test–retest (Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.89 for nursing students and 0.91 for nurses), internal consistency reliability (0.86), and acceptable face and construct validity. However, considering the results of analyses, excluding items 4 and 16 from the Persian version of the CDI is suggested.

Conclusion:

This instrument can be used to determine caring behaviors and nurses’ perceptions of the importance of caring behaviors among Persian language nurses.

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Most cited references 29

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Leininger's theory of nursing: cultural care diversity and universality.

M Leininger (1988)

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Evaluation of reliability, validity, and preference for a pediatric pain intensity scale: the Catalan version of the faces pain scale--revised.

Anna Huguet, Jordi Miró (2004)

The main objective of this research was to determine the initial psychometric properties of the Faces Pain Scale - Revised (FPS-R) as a measure of pain intensity for use with Catalan children and adolescents. Results of the Catalan version of this scale (FPS-R-C) are similar to those obtained with the original instrument. In order to assess the validity and reliability of the FPS-R-C, two different samples were studied. The first sample contained 124 hospitalized children and adolescents (mean age 10.86; SD 2.5). They were asked to rate their affective state on the Faces Affective Scale (FAS) and the intensity of their pain on the FPS-R-C and the Coloured Analogue Scale (CAS). The pain intensity ratings reported with FPS-R-C and CAS were very similar, correlations ranging from 0.83 to 0.9. The relationship between the intensity of pain experienced and children's affective state was also statistically significant (R = 32, P < 0.01). The second sample contained 247 schoolchildren (mean age 9.43; SD 1.55), who were asked to imagine themselves in eight hypothetical painful situations and rate the degree of pain using the FPS-R-C and the CAS (correlations ranging from 0.83 to 0.96). Test-retest correlations on this questionnaire (Painful Events Inventory) ranged from 0.26 to 0.70. Overall, these results provide preliminary evidence of the reliability, and convergent and criterion-related validity of the FPS-R-C. Moreover, all participating subjects were asked to choose the pain scale they preferred the most. Our data suggest that, regardless of their age and/or gender, the subjects prefer the FPS-R-C to the CAS.

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The meaning of caring to nurses: an investigation into the nature of caring work in an intensive care unit.

Kathleen Wilkin, E Slevin (2003)

The purpose of the study was to generate knowledge, which informs the discipline of nursing as caring represents an essential human need. Despite the wealth of research discussing caring in nursing, little is related to the highly technological intensive care unit environment. To explore the meaning of caring to intensive care unit nurses. To determine if the meaning of caring to these nurses has potential for altering nursing practice and to gain an insight into how caring experiences were evident to them. The design of the study was descriptive and qualitative. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data on the experiences of twelve nurses who were selected by purposive sampling. Data analysis involved using Colaizzi's reductive procedure. Findings suggest that the nurses in the study participated in delivering holistic and humane care of the patient and their relatives. The essential structure of caring was identified as a process of competent physical and technical action imbued with affective skills. This study revealed caring to be synonymous with nursing. The descriptive accounts of the nurses' experiences of caring in this study attempt to illuminate the nature of intensive care unit nursing. It legitimates, from the perspectives of these particular participants, the importance of caring. The participants described caring as a process involving feelings together with professional knowledge, competence, skill and nursing action. This involved the holistic care of the patient and relatives in meeting their individual needs. This study demonstrated that the lived experience of caring reflects the humanistic nature of nursing. It confirms that to care is human and the capacity to care is affirmed and actualised in caring for the critically ill patient and their relatives.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res

Journal ID (publisher-id): IJNMR

Title: Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research

Publisher: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )

ISSN (Print): 1735-9066

ISSN (Electronic): 2228-5504

Publication date (Print): Mar-Apr 2014

Volume: 19

Issue: 2

Pages: 173-179

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Nursing, IA University of Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran

[2 ]EDC of Urmia Medical Sciences University, Urmia, Iran

[3 ]Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, IA University of Tehran-Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran

[4 ]Department of Biostatistics, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, IA University of Tehran - Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran

Author notes

Address for correspondence: Dr. Saleh Salimi, Nursing Department, IA University of Urmia Branch, Airport Road, Urmia, Iran. E-mail: salimitr@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: IJNMR-19-173

PMC ID: 4020027

PubMed ID: 24834087

SO-VID: c55d78bf-01a2-45bf-a4c5-2f2e8b0bd103

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Psychometric properties of Persian version of the Caring Dimension Inventory (PCDI-25)

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Abstract

Background:

Materials and Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

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Journal of Health Sciences

Most cited references 29

Leininger's theory of nursing: cultural care diversity and universality.

Evaluation of reliability, validity, and preference for a pediatric pain intensity scale: the Catalan version of the faces pain scale--revised.

The meaning of caring to nurses: an investigation into the nature of caring work in an intensive care unit.

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