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      Actividad acaricida de Bacillus thuringiensis sobre el acaro rojo de las aves, Dermanyssus gallinae

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          Abstract

          El ácaro rojo Dermanyssus gallinae es limitante en la producción de aves de corral. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de Bacillus thuringiensis var.kurstaki (Btk) sobre larvas del ácaro rojo. Se utilizó el método de bioensayos por contacto sobre larvas de D. gallinae por unidad experimental. Las concentraciones evaluadas de Btk fueron: 15, 25, 35 y 45 mg/ml. Se realizaron observaciones cada 24 horas durante 7 días. Se observó una mortalidad moderada de D. gallinae a partir del segundo día de aplicación de la bacteria (66%) y al séptimo día aumentó a 78% a 35 mg/ml de concentración. La comparación de medias de Tukey (95% de confianza) no presentó diferencias significas (p≥0,05) entre la mortalidad de las ninfas de D. gallinae producida por las concentraciones 25, 35 y 45 mg/ml, mientras que sí se presentaron cuando se utilizaron concentraciones de 0 y 15 mg/ml. La CL50 obtenida fue de 17,8 mg/ml. Btk causó daños sobre la cutícula de D. galllinae y generó pérdida de la movilidad del ácaro rojo en un periodo de 24 horas, por lo cual puede ser considerado como un método de control alternativo a los acaricidas químicos para el control de D. gallinae en programas de manejo integrado.

          Translated abstract

          The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is considered as a limiting factor in poultry production. In this study we evaluated the effect of Bacillus thuringiensis var. Kurstaki (Btk) on larvae of poultry red mite. The contact bioassay method on larvae of D. gallinae per experimental unit was used. The assessed concentrations of Btk were: 15, 25, 35 and 45 mg/ml. Observations were made every 24 hours for 7 days. A moderate mortality of D. gallinae was observed from day 2 of application (66%), which increased up to 78% at 7 days at a concentration of 35 mg/ml. Tukey's mean (95% confidence) did not show significant differences (p≥0.05) between the mortality of D. gallinae nymphs produced by the concentrations 25, 35 and 45 mg/ml, while concentrations of 0 and 15 mg/ml did have a killing effect. A LC50 of 17.8 mg/ml was determined. Btk caused damage on the cuticle of D. galllinae and loss of mobility of the poultry red mite in a period of 24 hours. Btk may be considered as an alternative control method to chemical acaricides for the control of D. gallinae in integrated management programs.

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          Should the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae be of wider concern for veterinary and medical science?

          The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae is best known as a threat to the laying-hen industry; adversely affecting production and hen health and welfare throughout the globe, both directly and through its role as a disease vector. Nevertheless, D. gallinae is being increasingly implemented in dermatological complaints in non-avian hosts, suggesting that its significance may extend beyond poultry. The main objective of the current work was to review the potential of D. gallinae as a wider veterinary and medical threat. Results demonstrated that, as an avian mite, D. gallinae is unsurprisingly an occasional pest of pet birds. However, research also supports that these mites will feed from a range of other animals including: cats, dogs, rodents, rabbits, horses and man. We conclude that although reported cases of D. gallinae infesting mammals are relatively rare, when coupled with the reported genetic plasticity of this species and evidence of permanent infestations on non-avian hosts, potential for host-expansion may exist. The impact of, and mechanisms and risk factors for such expansion are discussed, and suggestions for further work made. Given the potential severity of any level of host-expansion in D. gallinae, we conclude that further research should be urgently conducted to confirm the full extent of the threat posed by D. gallinae to (non-avian) veterinary and medical sectors.
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            Evaluation of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae) susceptibility to some acaricides in field populations from Italy.

            Red mite field populations from seven naturally infested Italian caged laying poultry farms were investigated for their susceptibility to acaricide formulations available on the market, containing amitraz, carbaryl and permethrin. A minimum of 3,000 mites of all stages were collected from each farm and were tested with five acaricide concentrations (5, 10, 20, 50, 100%) plus an untreated control (0%). Field red mite populations were found to be tolerant even with the highest concentrations with carbaryl and permethrin for six (86%) and three (42%) of the investigated farms, respectively (P < 0.05). Furthermore, six (86%) of the investigated farms showed a red mite population susceptible to amitraz at any concentration. Out of the seven field populations tested with amitraz, one population is becoming less tolerant whereas another was the most tolerant to carbaryl and permethrin at any concentration. Data show that the lack of effectiveness of some acaricides is spreading in Europe and call for the adoption of alternative management strategies to avoid development of resistance.
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              Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) in controlling the tomato borer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                revet
                Revista veterinaria
                Rev. vet.
                Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (Corrientes, Corrientes, Argentina )
                1669-6840
                December 2018
                : 29
                : 2
                : 128-132
                Affiliations
                [01] Tunja orgnameFund. Univ. J. Castellano orgdiv1Fac. Cs. Agr. y Ambient Colombia
                [02] Bogotá orgnameUniv. J.T. Lozano orgdiv1Depto. Cs. Nat. y Amb., Genbimol Colombia javier.hernandez@ 123456utadeo.edu.co
                Article
                S1669-68402018000200011
                10.30972/vet.2923278
                c56e54ba-e4a7-427b-883f-a10a40f98603

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 November 2017
                : 25 April 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Trabajos de Investigación

                gallina,control biológico,ácaro,piojillo de los gallineros,bioensayo,hen,biology control,mite,chicken mite,bioassay

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