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      Caracterización de la mortalidad materna temprana en Bogotá. Estudio de vigilancia epidemiológica de casos centinela Translated title: Characterization of maternal mortality in Bogotá. Study of cases based on sentinel surveillance

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          Abstract

          Resumen OBJETIVO: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico y la tendencia de las muertes maternas tempranas de mujeres residentes en Bogotá durante los trienios 2010-2012 y 2013-2015. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, transversal y analítico efectuado con base en la vigilancia epidemiológica de casos centinela. Criterio de inclusión: mujeres residentes en Bogotá, Colombia, fallecidas por causas directas o indirectas. Criterio de exclusión: muertes tardías. Las muertes maternas se identificaron mediante la revisión de la base de nacimientos y defunciones del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística y de los reportes del Instituto Nacional de Salud. Se registraron las variables clínicas y sociodemográficas maternas, causas agrupadas y específicas de muerte. Se realizó estadística descriptiva para las variables analizadas y la significación estadística se evaluó con distribución de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 225 muertes maternas tempranas y 630,017 nacidos vivos. La mortalidad materna temprana disminuyó de 39 a 32 por cada 100,000 nacidos vivos. La mayor reducción se registró en mujeres de 10 a 19 y en mayores de 40 años. La mortalidad materna por causas indirectas disminuyó y, en menor medida, para los trastornos hipertensivos, hemorragia y embarazo que termina en aborto. No obstante, aumentaron las infecciones relacionadas con el embarazo y los suicidios. CONCLUSIONES: Bogotá se encuentra en un periodo de transición obstétrica. Sobresale la reducción en la mortalidad materna temprana y la caída en las causas indirectas. Debe prestarse atención al ascenso en las muertes como consecuencia de lesiones autoinfligidas.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological profile and trends of maternal deaths of women living in Bogotá during the 2010-2012 and 2013-2015 triennia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive observational study based on epidemiological surveillance of sentinel cases. Women residing in Bogotá who died of direct or indirect causes were included. Late deaths were excluded. Maternal deaths were identified through a review of the birth and death database of the National Administrative Department of Statistics and the reports of the National Health Institute. Clinical and sociodemographic maternal variables grouped, and specific causes of death were recorded. A descriptive statistic was performed for the variables analyzed and statistical significance of trends was evaluated using Poisson distribution. RESULTS: 225 early maternal deaths and 630,017 live births were included. Early maternal mortality decreased from 39 to 32 per 100,000 live births. For the most part, the reduction occurred in women between 10 and 19 years old and in those over 40 years old. Maternal mortality due to indirect causes decreased and to a lesser extent, for hypertensive disorders, hemorrhage and pregnancy that ends in abortion. However, it increased for infections related to pregnancy and suicides. CONCLUSIONS: Bogotá is in a period of obstetric transition. The reduction in early maternal mortality and the fall in indirect causes stand out. Attention should be paid to the rise in deaths as a consequence of self-inflicted injuries.

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          Most cited references39

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          Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis.

          Data for the causes of maternal deaths are needed to inform policies to improve maternal health. We developed and analysed global, regional, and subregional estimates of the causes of maternal death during 2003-09, with a novel method, updating the previous WHO systematic review. We searched specialised and general bibliographic databases for articles published between between Jan 1, 2003, and Dec 31, 2012, for research data, with no language restrictions, and the WHO mortality database for vital registration data. On the basis of prespecified inclusion criteria, we analysed causes of maternal death from datasets. We aggregated country level estimates to report estimates of causes of death by Millennium Development Goal regions and worldwide, for main and subcauses of death categories with a Bayesian hierarchical model. We identified 23 eligible studies (published 2003-12). We included 417 datasets from 115 countries comprising 60 799 deaths in the analysis. About 73% (1 771 000 of 2 443 000) of all maternal deaths between 2003 and 2009 were due to direct obstetric causes and deaths due to indirect causes accounted for 27·5% (672 000, 95% UI 19·7-37·5) of all deaths. Haemorrhage accounted for 27·1% (661 000, 19·9-36·2), hypertensive disorders 14·0% (343 000, 11·1-17·4), and sepsis 10·7% (261 000, 5·9-18·6) of maternal deaths. The rest of deaths were due to abortion (7·9% [193 000], 4·7-13·2), embolism (3·2% [78 000], 1·8-5·5), and all other direct causes of death (9·6% [235 000], 6·5-14·3). Regional estimates varied substantially. Between 2003 and 2009, haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and sepsis were responsible for more than half of maternal deaths worldwide. More than a quarter of deaths were attributable to indirect causes. These analyses should inform the prioritisation of health policies, programmes, and funding to reduce maternal deaths at regional and global levels. Further efforts are needed to improve the availability and quality of data related to maternal mortality. © 2014 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier. This is an Open Access article published without any waiver of WHO's privileges and immunities under international law, convention, or agreement. This article should not be reproduced for use in association with the promotion of commercial products, services, or any legal entity. There should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organisation or products. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article's original URL.
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            Global, regional, and national levels and trends in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

            In 2000, world leaders agreed on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). MDG 4 called for a two-thirds reduction in the under-5 mortality rate between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to estimate levels and trends in under-5 mortality for 195 countries from 1990 to 2015 to assess MDG 4 achievement and then intended to project how various post-2015 targets and observed rates of change will affect the burden of under-5 deaths from 2016 to 2030.
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              Obstetric transition: the pathway towards ending preventable maternal deaths.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gom
                Ginecología y obstetricia de México
                Ginecol. obstet. Méx.
                Edición y Farmacia S.A. de C.V. (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0300-9041
                2019
                : 87
                : 7
                : 425-435
                Affiliations
                [1] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología Colombia
                [2] Bogotá orgnameHospital San José Colombia
                Article
                S0300-90412019000700003 S0300-9041(19)08700700003
                10.24245/gom.v87i7.2834
                c5bfa600-fdb1-46b1-bbb0-fb01ae10349b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : April 2019
                : January 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                distribución de Poisson,Pregnancy,Maternal death,Maternal mortality,Birth,Death,Causes of death,Poisson distribution,Embarazo,muerte materna,mortalidad materna,nacimiento,muerte,causas de muerte

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