33
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Saúde pública, redução de danos e a prevenção das infecções de transmissão sexual e sanguínea: revisão dos principais conceitos e sua implementação no Brasil Translated title: Public health, harm reduction and the prevention of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections: a review of the core concepts and their implementation in Brazil

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Este artigo aborda o contexto histórico e o marco conceitual da implantação dos programas de redução de danos no campo da saúde pública, com ênfase nos programas brasileiros. A presente revisão teve como objetivo principal investigar a pertinência atual de tais programas no enfrentamento das infecções de transmissão sexual e sanguínea, em especial, a AIDS e a hepatite C. Os resultados sistematizados pela literatura nacional e internacional indicam que as ações práticas de redução de danos são mais efetivas quando integradas a outras medidas de saúde pública, guiadas por princípios em comum. Iniciativas de redução de danos afinadas com princípios de saúde pública não se prendem a modelos, nem se esgotam em cuidados de saúde propriamente ditos. Abrangem diversas modalidades de ações pragmáticas, com base em políticas públicas, devem estar em sintonia com a comunidade desde seu planejamento, e serem executadas em parceria com esta.

          Translated abstract

          This article assesses the historical context and the conceptual frame of setting up damage containment programs in the field of public health, with special emphasis on the Brazilian experience. The survey seeks to assess the relevance of such programs in the ongoing efforts to curb the spread of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections, especially AIDS and hepatitis C. Findings from both the Brazilian and the international literature demonstrate that practical damage containment initiatives tend to be more effective when integrated with other public health measures based on common goals. Damage containment initiatives, aligned with the basic principles of public health do not limit themselves to a priori models or health care per se. They encompass a variety of pragmatic measures based on public policies and should be in line with the demands of the communities since the moment of their inception and implemented in the context of full partnership with such communities.

          Related collections

          Most cited references99

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          An overview of systematic reviews of the effectiveness of opiate maintenance therapies: available evidence to inform clinical practice and research.

          To summarize the major findings of the five Cochrane reviews on substitution maintenance treatments for opioid dependence. We conducted a narrative and quantitative summary of systematic review findings. There were 52 studies included in the original reviews (12,075 participants, range 577-5894): methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was compared with methadone detoxification treatment (MDT), no treatment, different dosages of MMT, buprenorphine maintenance treatment (BMT), heroin maintenance treatment (HMT), and l-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) maintenance treatment (LMT). Outcomes considered were retention in treatment, use of heroin and other drugs during treatment, mortality, criminal activity, and quality of life. Retention in treatment: MMT is more effective than MDT, no treatment, BMT, LMT, and heroin plus methadone. MMT proved to be less effective than injected heroin alone. High doses of methadone are more effective than medium and low doses. Use of heroin: MMT is more effective than waiting list, less effective than LAAM, and not different from injected heroin. No significant results were available for mortality and criminal activity. These findings confirm that MMT at appropriate doses is the most effective in retaining patients in treatment and suppressing heroin use but show weak evidence of effectiveness toward other relevant outcomes. Future clinical trials should collect data on a broad range of health outcomes and recruit participants from heterogeneous practice settings and social contexts to increase generalizability of results.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Global estimates of prevalence of HCV infection among injecting drug users.

            In this paper, we review evidence of HCV prevalence among injecting drug users (IDUs) worldwide. We undertook a desk-based review of both 'grey' and published literature released between 1998 and 2005. Data on HCV prevalence among IDUs was found in 57 countries and in 152 sub-national areas. We found reports of HCV prevalence of at least 50% among IDUs in 49 countries or territories. Available regional estimates varied widely, from 10 to 96% in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, from 10 to 100% in South and South-East Asia, from 34 to 93% in East-Asia and the Pacific, from 5 to 60% in North Africa and the Middle-East, from 2 to 100% in Latin America, from 8 to 90% in North America, from 25 to 88% in Australia and New Zealand, and from 2 to 93% in Western Europe. Only in Colombia and Lebanon were all HCV prevalence estimates below 20%. In addition, evidence of HIV/HCV co-infection among IDUs was found in 16 countries. In China, Poland, Puerto Rico, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand and Viet Nam, estimates of the prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection among IDUs reached 90%. Taken together, data suggest high global prevalence of HCV and HIV/HCV co-infection among IDUs. We suggest exploring protective factors in sites of low HCV prevalence.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Viral infections in short-term injection drug users: the prevalence of the hepatitis C, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency, and human T-lymphotropic viruses.

              The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of four blood-borne viral infections among illicit drug injectors with up to 6 years of injecting experience. We analyzed data from 716 volunteers recruited in 1988 and 1989. Test results for hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV), and human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV) were examined across six sequential cohorts defined by duration of drug injection. Overall, seroprevalence of HCV, HBV, HIV, and HTLV was 76.9%, 65.7%, 20.5% and 1.8%, respectively, and 64.7%, 49.8%, 13.9%, and 0.5%, respectively, among those who had injected for 1 year or less. Among the newest initiates, HCV and HBV were associated with injecting variables, and HIV was associated with sexual variables. The high rates of HCV, HBV, and HIV infections among short-term injectors emphasizes the need to target both parenteral and sexual risk reduction interventions early. Renewed efforts at primary prevention of substance abuse are indicated.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                csc
                Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
                Ciênc. saúde coletiva
                ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1413-8123
                1678-4561
                December 2011
                : 16
                : 12
                : 4721-4730
                Affiliations
                [02] Rio de Janeiro orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica Brazil
                [01] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública orgdiv2Centro de Saúde Escola Germano Sinval Faria Brazil
                Article
                S1413-81232011001300021 S1413-8123(11)01601221
                10.1590/S1413-81232011001300021
                c5c28831-40a5-4b4c-aa1a-f29ebecd5ad6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 June 2009
                : 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 63, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Revisão

                Saúde Pública,Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis,Public Health,Blood-borne pathogens,Sexually Transmitted Diseases,Patógenos de transmissão sanguínea,Abuso de substâncias,Damage containment,Substance abuse,Redução de danos

                Comments

                Comment on this article