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      Efecto del clorhidrato de zilpaterol sobre las características de la canal en cruzas terminales de corderos Kathadin Translated title: Effect of zilpaterol hydrochloride on the carcass characteristics of Katahdin lamb terminal crosses

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          Abstract

          Se evaluó el efecto de la administración de clorhidrato de zilpaterol (CZ) sobre las características de la canal en los cruzamientos Katahdin x Charollais (32 KCh) y Katahdin x Dorper (28 KD). Los corderos se alimentaron con una dieta integral con 14% de proteína cruda (PC) y 2.9 Mcal EM/kg MS. Los datos se analizaron mediante un diseño al azar con arreglo factorial 2 x 2 con dos genotipos (KCh y KD) y 2 niveles de CZ (0 y 0.15 mg/kg de peso vivo). No se presentó interacción entre el genotipo y el CZ. El clorhidrato de zilpaterol incrementó el rendimiento en canal de 52.1 ± 0.3 a 53.7 ± 0.4% (P < 0.001). Los animales que recibieron CZ incrementaron (P < 0.001) el área del músculo Longissimus dorsi (Ld) en 18.5% y tuvieron 7.5% más músculo, 6.0% menos hueso y 22.4% menos grasa que los corderos del tratamiento testigo (P < 0.05). La raza del padre no afectó ninguna de las variables estudiadas. El pH final, el espesor de la grasa subcutánea, la conformación y las mediciones morfológicas de la canal no se modificaron con el uso de CZ.

          Translated abstract

          Zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation (0 vs. 0.15 mg/kg live weight) was evaluated based on the carcass characteristics of Katahdin x Charollais (32 KCh) and Katahdin x Dorper (28 KD) crosses. Lambs were fed a mixed ration with 14% crude protein (CP) and 2.9 Mcal EM/kg DM. Data were analyzed using a completely randomized 2 x 2 factorial design: 2 genotypes (KCh and KD) and 2 ZH levels (0 and 0.15 mg/kg live weight). No interaction was found between ZH and the genotypes. Zilpaterol hydrochloride increased dressing percentage from 52.1 ± 0.3 to 53.7 ± 0.4% (P < 0.001). Animals that received ZH supplementation increased (P < 0.001) the area of their Longissimus dorsi (Ld) by 18.5% and had 7.5% more muscle, 6.0% less bone and 22.4% less fat compared with control lambs (P < 0.05). The breed of the sire had no effect on any of the variables studied. Final pH, fat thickness, conformation and linear carcass measurements did not change with ZH supplementation.

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          Modificación al sistema de clasificación climática de Kóppen (para adaptarla a las condiciones de la República Mexicana)

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            Technologies for the control of fat and lean deposition in livestock.

            When the ratio of lean to fat deposition is improved, so is feed conversion efficiency. Net benefits may include lower production costs, better product quality, less excretion of nitrogenous wastes into the environment, decreased grazing pressure on fragile landscapes, and reduced pressure on world feed supplies. However, finding a way to achieve these goals that is reliable, affordable, and acceptable to the majority of consumers has proved to be a major challenge. Since the European Union banned hormonal growth promoters (HGPs) 15 years ago, countries such as Australia and the United States have licensed new products for livestock production, including bovine growth hormone (GH), porcine and equine GH, and the beta-agonist ractopamine. There has also been considerable research into refining these products, as well as developing new technologies. Opportunities to improve beta-agonists include lessening their effects on meat toughness, reducing adverse effects on treated animals, and prolonging their duration of action. In the last regard, the combined use of a beta-agonist with GH, which upregulates beta-adrenoceptors, can produce an outstanding improvement in carcass composition and feed efficiency. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) mediates many of the actions of GH, but has proved to be of more use as a growth reporter/selection marker in pigs, than as a viable treatment. However, a niche for this product could exist in the manipulation of neonatal growth, causing a life-long change in lean:fat ratio. Another significant advance in endocrinology is the discovery of hormones secreted by muscle and fat cells, that regulate feed intake, energy metabolism, and body composition. Leptin, adiponectin and myostatin were discovered through the study of genetically obese, or double-muscled animals. Through genetic manipulation, there is potential to exploit these findings in a range of livestock species, although the production of transgenic animals is still hampered by the poor level of control over gene expression, and faces an uphill battle over consumer acceptance. There are several alternatives to HGPs and transgenics, that are more likely to gain world-wide acceptance. Genetic selection can be enhanced by using markers for polymorphic genes that control fat and lean, such as thyroglobulin, or the callipyge gene. Feed additives of natural origin, such as betaine, chromium and conjugated linoleic acid, can improve the fat:lean ratio under specific circumstances. Additionally, 'production vaccines' have been developed, which alter the neuro-endocrine system by causing an auto-immune response. Thus, antibodies have been used to neutralise growth-limiting factors, prolong the half-life of anabolic hormones, or activate hormone receptors directly. Unfortunately, none of these technologies is sufficiently well advanced yet to rival the use of exogenous HGPs in terms of efficacy and reliability. Therefore, further research is needed to find ways to control fat and lean deposition with due consideration of industry needs, animal welfare and consumer requirements.
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              Overview of the effects of beta-adrenergic receptor agonists on animal growth including mechanisms of action.

              H Mersmann (1998)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                vetmexoa
                Veterinaria México OA
                Veterinaria México OA
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (México, Distrito Federal, Mexico )
                2448-6760
                June 2015
                : 2
                : 2
                : 01-13
                Affiliations
                [02] México Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia México
                [01] Ajuchitlán Querétaro orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología Animal México
                Article
                S2448-67602015000200001
                c6453d39-dfdd-46aa-8ccf-e150c8879411

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 September 2014
                : 07 May 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 58, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Mexico


                Cruzamiento,Katahdin,Charollais,Dorper,Lamb,Zilpaterol,Carcass quality,Crossbreeding,Cordero,Calidad de canal

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