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      Age-Specific Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Concentrations in Infertile Iranian Women

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          Abstract

          Background

          Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is secreted by the granulosa cells of growing follicles during the primary to large antral follicle stages. Abnormal levels of AMH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) may indicate a woman’s diminished ability or inability to conceive. Our aim is to investigate the changes in serum AMH and FSH concentrations at different age groups and its correlation with ovarian reserves in infertile women.

          Materials and Methods

          This cross-sectional study analyzed serum AMH and FSH levels from 197 infertile women and 176 healthy controls, whose mean ages were 19-47 years. Sample collection was performed by random sampling and analyzed with SPSS version 16 software.

          Results

          There were significantly lower mean serum AMH levels among infertile women compared to the control group. The mean AMH serum levels from different ages of infertile and control group (fertile women) decreased with increasing age. However, this reduction was greater in the infertile group. The mean FSH serum levels of infertile women were significantly higher than the control group. Mean serum FSH levels consistently increased with increasing age in infertile women; however mean luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were not consistent.

          Conclusion

          We have observed increased FSH levels and decreased AMH levels with increasing age in women from 19 to 47 years of age. Assessments of AMH and FSH levels in combination with female age can help in predicting ovarian reserve in infertile women.

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          Most cited references24

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          Anti-Müllerian hormone expression pattern in the human ovary: potential implications for initial and cyclic follicle recruitment.

          Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, which plays an important role in both ovarian primordial follicle recruitment and dominant follicle selection in mice. However, the role of AMH in folliculogenesis in humans has not been investigated in detail. In the present study, AMH expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry in ovarian sections, obtained from healthy regularly cycling women. To this end, a novel monoclonal antibody to human AMH was developed. AMH expression was not observed in primordial follicles, whereas 74% of the primary follicles showed at least a weak signal in the granulosa cells. The highest level of AMH expression was present in the granulosa cells of secondary, preantral and small antral follicles
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            Regulation of ovarian function: the role of anti-Müllerian hormone.

            Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also known as Müllerian inhibiting substance, is a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of growth and differentiation factors. In contrast to other members of the family, which exert a broad range of functions in multiple tissues, the principal function of AMH is to induce regression of the Müllerian ducts during male sex differentiation. However, the patterns of expression of AMH and its type II receptor in the postnatal ovary indicate that AMH may play an important role in ovarian folliculogenesis. This review describes several in vivo and in vitro studies showing that AMH participates in two critical selection points of follicle development: it inhibits the recruitment of primordial follicles into the pool of growing follicles and also decreases the responsiveness of growing follicles to FSH.
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              Anti-Müllerian hormone: a new marker for ovarian function.

              Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta family of growth and differentiation factors. In the ovary, AMH has an inhibitory effect on primordial follicle recruitment as well as on the responsiveness of growing follicles to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The ovary-specific expression pattern in granulosa cells of growing nonselected follicles makes AMH an ideal marker for the size of the ovarian follicle pool. This review summarizes recent findings concerning AMH and its role as a marker for the quantitative aspect of ovarian reserve as well as ovarian dysfunction.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Fertil Steril
                Int J Fertil Steril
                Royan Institute
                International Journal of Fertility & Sterility
                Royan Institute
                2008-076X
                2008-0778
                Apr-Jun 2015
                21 April 2015
                : 9
                : 1
                : 27-32
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
                [2 ]Department of Biochemistry, International Campus of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
                Author notes
                [* Corresponding Address: ]P.O. Box: 8915173149Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFaculty of MedicineShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences YazdIran Email: morady2008@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Int-J-Fertil-Steril-9-27
                4410034
                c67693bb-ba4e-4f16-a4d3-a61abd93b22d
                Any use, distribution, reproduction or abstract of this publication in any medium, with the exception of commercial purposes, is permitted provided the original work is properly cited

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 28 October 2013
                : 9 February 2014
                Categories
                Original Article
                Gynecology and Female Infertility
                ART
                Custom metadata
                Raeissi A, Torki A, Moradi A, Mousavipoor SM, Doosti Pirani M. Age-specific serum anti-mullerian hormone and follicle stimulating hormone concentrations in infertile Iranian women. Int J Fertil Steril. 2015; 9(1): 27-32.

                anti-müllerian hormone,follicle stimulating hormone,infertility,women,age

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