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      Housing quality and behavior affect brain health and anxiety in healthy Japanese adults

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          Abstract

          Countless studies in animals have shown how housing environments and behaviors can significantly affect anxiety and brain health, giving valuable insight as to whether this is applicable in the human context. The relationship between housing, behavior, brain health, and mental wellbeing in humans remains poorly understood. We therefore explored the interaction of housing quality, weekend/holiday sedentary behavior, brain structure, and anxiety in healthy Japanese adults. Whole-brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods based on gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy were used as markers for brain health. Correlation tests were conducted, and then adjusted for multiple comparisons using the False Discovery Rate method. Housing quality and weekend/holiday sedentary behavior were associated with fractional anisotropy, but not with gray matter volume. Fractional anisotropy showed significant associations with anxiety. Lastly, both weekend/holiday sedentary behavior and housing quality were indirectly associated with anxiety through fractional anisotropy. These results add to the limited evidence surrounding the relationship among housing, behavior, and the brain. Furthermore, these results show that behavior and housing qualities can have an indirect impact on anxiety through neurobiological markers such as fractional anisotropy.

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          Automated anatomical labeling of activations in SPM using a macroscopic anatomical parcellation of the MNI MRI single-subject brain.

          An anatomical parcellation of the spatially normalized single-subject high-resolution T1 volume provided by the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) (D. L. Collins et al., 1998, Trans. Med. Imag. 17, 463-468) was performed. The MNI single-subject main sulci were first delineated and further used as landmarks for the 3D definition of 45 anatomical volumes of interest (AVOI) in each hemisphere. This procedure was performed using a dedicated software which allowed a 3D following of the sulci course on the edited brain. Regions of interest were then drawn manually with the same software every 2 mm on the axial slices of the high-resolution MNI single subject. The 90 AVOI were reconstructed and assigned a label. Using this parcellation method, three procedures to perform the automated anatomical labeling of functional studies are proposed: (1) labeling of an extremum defined by a set of coordinates, (2) percentage of voxels belonging to each of the AVOI intersected by a sphere centered by a set of coordinates, and (3) percentage of voxels belonging to each of the AVOI intersected by an activated cluster. An interface with the Statistical Parametric Mapping package (SPM, J. Ashburner and K. J. Friston, 1999, Hum. Brain Mapp. 7, 254-266) is provided as a freeware to researchers of the neuroimaging community. We believe that this tool is an improvement for the macroscopical labeling of activated area compared to labeling assessed using the Talairach atlas brain in which deformations are well known. However, this tool does not alleviate the need for more sophisticated labeling strategies based on anatomical or cytoarchitectonic probabilistic maps.
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            FSL.

            FSL (the FMRIB Software Library) is a comprehensive library of analysis tools for functional, structural and diffusion MRI brain imaging data, written mainly by members of the Analysis Group, FMRIB, Oxford. For this NeuroImage special issue on "20 years of fMRI" we have been asked to write about the history, developments and current status of FSL. We also include some descriptions of parts of FSL that are not well covered in the existing literature. We hope that some of this content might be of interest to users of FSL, and also maybe to new research groups considering creating, releasing and supporting new software packages for brain image analysis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey

              Highlights • The COVID-19 outbreak significantly affects the mental health of Chinese public • During the outbreak, young people had a higher risk of anxiety than older people • Spending too much time thinking about the outbreak is harmful to mental health • Healthcare workers were at high risk for poor sleep
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                pineda.juancesar.4z@kyoto-u.ac.jp
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                7 June 2021
                7 June 2021
                2021
                : 11
                : 11999
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.258799.8, ISNI 0000 0004 0372 2033, Open Innovation Institute, , Kyoto University, ; Kyoto, Japan
                [2 ]GRID grid.26091.3c, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9959, Faculty of Science and Technology, , Keio University, ; Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
                [3 ]GRID grid.475157.5, ISNI 0000 0000 8902 9934, ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan), ; Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
                [4 ]GRID grid.32197.3e, ISNI 0000 0001 2179 2105, Institute of Innovative Research, , Tokyo Institute of Technology, ; Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
                [5 ]GRID grid.31432.37, ISNI 0000 0001 1092 3077, Office for Academic and Industrial Innovation, , Kobe University, ; Kobe, Japan
                [6 ]Brain Impact General Incorporated Association, Kyoto, Japan
                Article
                91363
                10.1038/s41598-021-91363-4
                8184752
                34099762
                c710d8fc-3139-4336-b6f4-98767fabb8b8
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 25 April 2021
                : 25 May 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science;
                Award ID: Kakenhi Grant Number 17H06151
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan)
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Uncategorized
                diagnostic markers,predictive markers,development of the nervous system,stress and resilience,synaptic plasticity,human behaviour

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