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      Retracted: MiroRNA-31-3p Promotes the Invasion and Metastasis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting Forkhead Box 1 (FOXO1)

      retraction
      Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
      Hindawi

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          Abstract

          This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process: Discrepancies in scope Discrepancies in the description of the research reported Discrepancies between the availability of data and the research described Inappropriate citations Incoherent, meaningless and/or irrelevant content included in the article Peer-review manipulation The presence of these indicators undermines our confidence in the integrity of the article's content and we cannot, therefore, vouch for its reliability. Please note that this notice is intended solely to alert readers that the content of this article is unreliable. We have not investigated whether authors were aware of or involved in the systematic manipulation of the publication process. Wiley and Hindawi regrets that the usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication and have since put additional measures in place to safeguard research integrity. We wish to credit our own Research Integrity and Research Publishing teams and anonymous and named external researchers and research integrity experts for contributing to this investigation. The corresponding author, as the representative of all authors, has been given the opportunity to register their agreement or disagreement to this retraction. We have kept a record of any response received.

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          • Record: found
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          MiroRNA-31-3p Promotes the Invasion and Metastasis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting Forkhead Box 1 (FOXO1)

          Objective To explore the possibility of microRNA miR-31-3p as a biomarker for bone metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its molecular mechanism to the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-31-3p and forkhead box 1 (FOXO1) in NSCLC tissues, serum, and cells to analyze the correlation between the expression levels of miR-31-3p and the clinicopathology of NSCLC. After interference with or overexpressing miR-31-3p, NSCLC cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion ability, and migration ability were detected by MTT, flow cytometry, Transwell, and scratch experiment, respectively. The interaction between miR-31-3p and FOXO1 was further verified by the dual-luciferase reporter experiment. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression of FOXO1 in tissues and FOXO1, RhoA, p-RhoA, ROCK-2, and p-ROCK-2 in cells. Results In tissues, serum, and NSCLC cell line A549 of the NSCLC patients, the expression of FOXO1 was notably lower, and the miR-31-3p expression was significantly higher. Overexpression of miR-31-3p could distinctly improve the proliferation, invasion, and migration of A549 cells, meanwhile inhibit cell apoptosis, and activate the RhoA/ROCK-2 signaling pathway, while interfering with the expression of miR-31-3p has the opposite function. Besides, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that FOXO1 was a target gene of miR-31-3p. Overexpressing FOXO1 could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of A549 cells, but overexpressing miR-31-3p reverses the results. Conclusion This study confirmed that miR-31-3p promotes the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells and inhibits apoptosis through targeted regulating FOXO1 and be a potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of NSCLC.
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            Author and article information

            Contributors
            Journal
            Comput Math Methods Med
            Comput Math Methods Med
            cmmm
            Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
            Hindawi
            1748-670X
            1748-6718
            2023
            27 September 2023
            27 September 2023
            : 2023
            : 9851986
            Affiliations
            Article
            10.1155/2023/9851986
            10551423
            37811250
            c73a179c-7f9e-4c67-bce2-a42fafe9d210
            Copyright © 2023 Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine.

            This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

            History
            : 26 September 2023
            : 26 September 2023
            Categories
            Retraction

            Applied mathematics
            Applied mathematics

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