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      ¿Líder pedagógico o gerente de escuela? Evolución del rol del director de escuela en Chile Translated title: Instructional leader or school manager? The evolution of the principal’s role in Chile

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          Abstract

          Resumen En la búsqueda de la mejora de la educación, el Ministerio de Educación de Chile (Mineduc) ha impulsado durante los últimos años una serie de reformas que directa o indirectamente afectan el trabajo de los directores. A la luz de los principios del nuevo management público (NMP), y utilizando un análisis documental, el presente artículo estudia la evolución que ha tenido el rol de director en las políticas públicas de los últimos 40 años. Los resultados revelan: 1) que la totalidad de los elementos característicos del NMP (trabajo individual, competencia, orientación a cumplir indicadores y planes de corto plazo) están presentes en las políticas, lo que configura un rol gerencial del director de escuela; 2) que durante los últimos tres años se han dictado políticas alejadas de los principios del NMP, las que proponen un nuevo rol para el director: el del líder pedagógico; 3) que no se pasa evolutivamente de un rol a otro, sino que ambos conviven en la escuela, generando una posible tensión que el director debe resolver. Se discute la real factibilidad que tienen los directores de ejercer su rol de líder pedagógico, el cual está orientado a la construcción colaborativa de confianzas y capacidades en la escuela, en un escenario marcado por una larga historia de políticas que propician el trabajo individual y con indicadores a cumplir en el corto plazo, principios que son propios del NMP y que responden más adecuadamente al trabajo de un gerente de empresa.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract In the quest to improve education, the Ministry of Education of Chile (Mineduc) has promoted during the last years, a series of reforms that directly or indirectly affect the work of school principals. In light of the principles of the New Public Management (NPM) and, using a documentary analysis, this article studies the evolution of the role of director in the public policies of the last 40 years. The results reveal: 1) that all the characteristic elements of the NPM (individual work, competence, orientation to meet indicators, short-term plans) are present in the policies, which implicate a managerial role of the school director. 2) That during the past 3 years, policies have been dictated away from the principles of the NPM that generate a new role for the director, that of the instructional leader. 3) That one role does not evolve into the other, but rather both coexist in schools, generating a possible tension that the director must resolve. The real feasibility of school principals to exercise their role as an instructional leader oriented to the collaborative construction of trust and abilities in the school is discussed, in a scenario marked by a long history of policies that favor individual work with indicators that must be met in the short term, principles that are specific to the NPM, and are more related to the work of a company manager.

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          The Impact of Leadership on Student Outcomes: An Analysis of the Differential Effects of Leadership Types

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            Teacher professional development in Teaching and Teacher Education over ten years

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              WHAT IS POLICY? TEXTS, TRAJECTORIES AND TOOLBOXES

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                caledu
                Calidad en la educación
                Calidad en la educación
                Consejo Nacional de Educación (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-4565
                December 2019
                : 51
                : 53-84
                Affiliations
                [2] Valparaíso Valparaíso orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Chile rene.valdes@ 123456pucv.cl
                [3] Valparaíso Valparaíso orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Chile paula.ascorra@ 123456pucv.cl
                [1] Valparaíso Valparaíso orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Chile fabian.campos@ 123456pucv.cl
                Article
                S0718-45652019000200053 S0718-4565(19)00005100053
                10.31619/caledu.n51.685
                c7472229-ce38-4c68-a3a5-b8d3a8f743a1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 June 2019
                : 30 September 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 77, Pages: 32
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ESTUDIOS

                director de escuela,accountability,leadership,neoliberalism,new public management,public policies,school principal,rendición de cuentas,políticas públicas,nuevo management público,neoliberalismo,liderazgo

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