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      Rational design of porous binary Pt-based nanodendrites as efficient catalysts for direct glucose fuel cells over a wide pH range

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          Abstract

          Porous binary PtPd, AuPt, PtCu, and PtNi nanodendrites prepared by a facile one-step reduction under ultrasonic irradiation at room temperature, exhibited a substantial catalytic activity towards glucose oxidation reaction at different pH values relative to a commercial Pt/C catalyst.

          The development of porous bi-metallic Pt-based nanocrystals (NCs) as efficient catalysts for the glucose oxidation reaction (GOR) over a wide pH range is still a grand challenge. Triggered by this challenge, we report the controlled synthesis of porous binary PtPd, PtCu, AuPt, and PtNi NCs with open dendritic frames as efficient catalysts for GOR. This was achieved by one-step reduction of their precursors in aqueous solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) under ultrasonic treatment at room temperature. Intriguingly, the porous AuPt and PtPd NCs exhibited the utmost enhancement in GOR activity relative to PtCu, PtNi, and commercial Pt/C catalysts under different pH conditions, which is ascribed to their porous structure and composition. Furthermore, the composition and synergetic effects of the binary metals plausibly generate an activity relationship that tune their catalytic activity and stability in different electrolytes.

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          Pd-Pt bimetallic nanodendrites with high activity for oxygen reduction.

          Controlling the morphology of Pt nanostructures can provide a great opportunity to improve their catalytic properties and increase their activity on a mass basis. We synthesized Pd-Pt bimetallic nanodendrites consisting of a dense array of Pt branches on a Pd core by reducing K2PtCl4 with L-ascorbic acid in the presence of uniform Pd nanocrystal seeds in an aqueous solution. The Pt branches supported on faceted Pd nanocrystals exhibited relatively large surface areas and particularly active facets toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the rate-determining step in a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell. The Pd-Pt nanodendrites were two and a half times more active on the basis of equivalent Pt mass for the ORR than the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst and five times more active than the first-generation supportless Pt-black catalyst.
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            Synergistic Catalysis over Bimetallic Alloy Nanoparticles

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              Metallic nanocages: synthesis of bimetallic Pt-Pd hollow nanoparticles with dendritic shells by selective chemical etching.

              We report a facile synthesis of Pt-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles, named "metallic nanocages", with a hollow interior and porous dendritic shell. This synthesis is easily achieved by selective chemical etching of Pd cores from dendritic Pt-on-Pd nanoparticles. The obtained Pt-Pd nanocages show superior catalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction compared to other Pt-based materials reported previously.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                CSTAGD
                Catalysis Science & Technology
                Catal. Sci. Technol.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                2044-4753
                2044-4761
                2017
                2017
                : 7
                : 13
                : 2819-2827
                Article
                10.1039/C7CY00860K
                c7948e06-d166-410d-9a64-77298f508389
                © 2017
                History

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