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      Differences of Serum Total Antioxidant Capacity Levels in Women with Early Menopause and Normal Menopause

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          ABSTRACT

          Introduction

          Antioxidant can be defined as any substance that significantly delays and prevents the oxidation of an oxidizable substrate (oxidant). So that the causal relationship of menopause and the imbalance of oxidant–antioxidant becomes a reciprocal relationship and influences each other, decreases in antioxidant levels have been researched can cause oxidative stress, which triggers apoptosis in ovarian reserves.

          Objective

          The purpose of this study is to compare the serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels between early-menopausal and normal-menopausal women.

          Methods

          This is an observational analytic study with a case–control design with 20 women with early menopause and normal menopause were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by consecutive sampling, then the characteristic data were collected and grouped according to the study group. A blood test was done to assess serum TAC in the participants. Data were collected and processed, and statistical analysis was carried out.

          Results

          It was found that there were differences in age at menopause in the group of participants who experienced early menopause and normal menopause. There were differences in TAC levels based on body mass index and TAC levels in early menopause and normal menopause.

          Conclusion

          There are differences in serum TAC levels between early menopausal and normal menopausal women.

          How to cite this article

          Adhani ESF, Siregar MFG, Sukatendel K, et al. Differences of Serum Total Antioxidant Capacity Levels in Women with Early Menopause and Normal Menopause. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2023;15(3):269–272.

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          Most cited references16

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          The timing of the age at which natural menopause occurs.

          Ellen Gold (2011)
          The timing of natural menopause is a clinically important indicator of longevity and risk of morbidity and mortality. Demographic, menstrual, reproductive, familial, genetic, and lifestyle factors seem to be important in this timing. Smoking, lower parity and poor socioeconomic status are associated with earlier menopause. However, a number of relationships have been inconsistent; others remain largely unexplored. Much remains to be learned about factors that affect follicular atresia and the onset and duration of perimenopause and the timing of the natural menopause. Knowledge about these relationships offers women and their health care providers enhanced understanding and choices to deal with menopause.
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            Oxidative stress: role of physical exercise and antioxidant nutraceuticals in adulthood and aging

            Physical exercise is considered to be one of the beneficial factors of a proper lifestyle and is nowadays seen as an indispensable element for good health, able to lower the risk of disorders of the cardiovascular, endocrine and osteomuscular apparatus, immune system diseases and the onset of potential neoplasms. A moderate and programmed physical exercise has often been reported to be therapeutic both in the adulthood and in aging, since capable to promote fitness. Regular exercise alleviates the negative effects caused by free radicals and offers many health benefits, including reduced risk of all-cause mortality, sarcopenia in the skeletal muscle, chronic disease, and premature death in elderly people. However, physical performance is also known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle fatigue. Many efforts have been carried out to identify micronutrients and natural compounds, also known as nutraceuticals, able to prevent or attenuate the exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this review is to discuss the benefits deriving from a constant physical activity and by the intake of antioxidant compounds to protect the body from oxidative stress. The attention will be focused mainly on three natural antioxidants, which are quercetin, resveratrol and curcumin. Their properties and activity will be described, as well as their benefits on physical activity and on aging, which is expected to increase through the years and can get favorable benefits from a constant exercise activity.
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              The Role of Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants in Ovarian Aging

              The ovarian system comprises vital organs in females and is of great significance for the maintenance of reproductive potential and endocrine stability. Although complex pathogenesis undoubtedly contributes to ovarian aging, increasing attention is being paid to the extensive influence of oxidative stress. However, the role of oxidative stress in ovarian aging is yet to be fully elucidated. Exploring oxidative stress-related processes might be a promising strategy against ovarian aging. In this review, compelling evidence is shown that oxidative stress plays a role in the etiology of ovarian aging and promotes the development of other ovarian aging-related etiologies, including telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and inflammation. In addition, some natural antioxidants such as quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin have a protective role in the ovaries through multiple mechanisms. These findings raise the prospect of oxidative stress modulator-natural antioxidants as therapeutic interventions for delaying ovarian aging.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                JSAFOG
                Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
                JSAFOG
                Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
                0974-8938
                0975-1920
                May-June 2023
                : 15
                : 3
                : 269-272
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
                [2,5 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
                [3 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Social Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
                [4 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal – Fetal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
                [6 ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
                Author notes
                Frida Adhani ES, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, Phone: +6282272731323, e-mail: fridaadhani717@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                10.5005/jp-journals-10006-2246
                c79b8f69-373a-401d-85b3-87847d4bcc33
                Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).

                © The Author(s). 2023 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and non-commercial reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 13 February 2022
                : 25 March 2022
                : 31 July 2023
                Categories
                ORIGINAL RESEARCH
                Custom metadata
                jsafog-15-269.pdf

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Early menopause,Normal menopause,Total antioxidant capacity
                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Early menopause, Normal menopause, Total antioxidant capacity

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