For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
24
views
21
references
 Top references
cited by
15
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      133
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The Significance of Screening for Microvascular Diseases in Chinese Community-Based Subjects with Various Metabolic Abnormalities

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          To assess the association of albuminuria and retinopathy with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the related metabolic components defined by various criteria in Chinese community-based subjects.

          Methods

          A total of 3240 Chinese subjects were recruited from urban communities and classified into subgroups with isolated or concomitant state of the two microvascular diseases. MetS was defined according to the standard of International Diabetes Federation, the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS), separately. Albuminuria was defined as an elevated morning urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Retinopathy were identified with nonmydriatic retinal photographs according to the Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the contributive risk factors.

          Results

          The subgroup of isolated retinopathy was the oldest (P<0.05), with higher blood pressure ( P<0.001) and larger waist circumference ( P<0.05). After adjusting for age, sex and other metabolic components, individuals with blood pressure over 130/85 mmHg were prone to have isolated albuminuria (OR: 1.51, P = 0.0001); while individuals with fasting plasma glucose over 5.6 mmol/L were in high risk of retinopathy concomitant with albuminria (OR: 3.04, P = 0.006). Larger waist circumference was a potential risk factors for isolated albuminuria and isolated retinopathy, though not significant after further adjustment of other metabolic components. The risk for albuminuria and retinopathy increased with the aggregation of three or more metabolic components. However, the MetS per se did not have synergic effect and only the MetS defined by CDS remained as a risk factor.

          Conclusions

          Albuminuria and retinopathy were highly associated with accumulated metabolic abnormalities including sub-clinical elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting plasma glucose.

          Related collections

          Most cited references21

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and complication risk in type 1 diabetes: "double diabetes" in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial.

          Eric S Kilpatrick, Alan S Rigby, Stephen L Atkin (2007)
          The presence of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome are known risk markers for macrovascular disease in patients with and without type 2 diabetes. This study has examined whether these also were predictors of micro- and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetic patients participating in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were used to identify the metabolic syndrome in 1,337 Caucasian DCCT patients at baseline. Insulin resistance was calculated using their estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR). Insulin dose (units/kg) was also used as a separate marker of insulin resistance. The eGDR (but not insulin dose or metabolic syndrome) at baseline strongly predicted the development of retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease (hazard ratios 0.75, 0.88, and 0.70, respectively, per mg x kg(-1) x min(-1) change; P < 0.001, P = 0.005, and P = 0.002, respectively). Through mainly weight gain, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increased steadily from baseline to year 9 in conventionally treated (from 15.5 to 27.2%) and especially in the intensively treated (from 13.7 to 45.4%) patients. Higher insulin resistance at baseline in the DCCT (as estimated by eGDR) was associated with increased subsequent risk of both micro- and macrovascular complications. Insulin dose and the presence of IDF-defined metabolic syndrome were poor predictors by comparison. Although intensive treatment was associated with a higher subsequent prevalence of metabolic syndrome, the benefits of improved glycemia appear to outweigh the risks related to development of the metabolic syndrome.
          Article 0 comments Cited 115 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Optimal waist circumference cutoffs for abdominal obesity in Chinese.

            Chen Wang, Jr-Ming Yang, Junxi Lu … (2008)
            To determine the appropriate cutoffs for visceral fat area (VFA) measured by magnetic resonance imaging linking to risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the corresponding waist circumference in Chinese. Totally 1,140 individuals (men 525, women 615) aged from 35 to 75 years were included. The components of the MetS were defined by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) definition, respectively. Receive operating characteristic curve analyses were used to determine the appropriate cutoffs of VFA and corresponding waist circumference in the prediction of the MetS. The optimal VFA cutoff was near 80 cm(2) in identifying the MetS with two or more components but not including overweight/obesity by either of the two definitions in all subjects. There was no difference in men by ages while women aged or = 50 years by the two definitions. The appropriate waist circumference cutoffs were 90 cm in men and 85 cm in women for the MetS. The optimal cutoff of waist circumference for abdominal obesity is 90 cm for men and 85 cm for women in Chinese.
            Article 0 comments Cited 78 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Associations between the metabolic syndrome and retinal microvascular signs: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities study.

              Tien Wong, Bruce Duncan, Sherita Hill Golden … (2004)
              To examine the cross-sectional relationship of the metabolic syndrome (hypertension, hyperglycemia, central obesity, and dyslipidemia) and retinal microvascular abnormalities in middle-aged men and women. A population-based, cross-sectional study involving 11,265 persons aged 49 to 73 years who had retinal photography from 1993 through 1995. Photographs were graded for presence of retinal microvascular signs (microaneurysms, retinal hemorrhages, arteriovenous nicking, and focal arteriolar narrowing) according to a standardized protocol. To quantify retinal vessel diameters, photographs were digitized and individual arteriolar and venular diameters were measured and summarized. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel. After adjustment for age, gender, race, education, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, persons with the metabolic syndrome were more likely to have retinopathy (odds ratio [OR] 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-1.96), arteriovenous nicking (OR 1.30, 95% CI, 1.16-1.45), focal arteriolar narrowing (OR 1.24, 95% CI, 1.10-1.38), generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing (OR 1.23, 95% CI, 1.12-1.35), and generalized retinal venular dilatation (OR 1.30, 95% CI, 1.18-1.48) than persons without the metabolic syndrome. Associations for arteriovenous nicking, focal arteriolar narrowing, generalized arteriolar narrowing, and venular dilatation were noted, even in people without diabetes or hypertension. These data suggest that the metabolic syndrome is associated with microvascular changes in the retina. This finding reflects, in part, the associations of individual syndrome components with retinal microvascular abnormalities. Copyright Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
              Article 0 comments Cited 61 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Aimin Xu: Role: Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE
                Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
                Journal ID (pmc): plosone
                Title: PLoS ONE
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203
                Publication date Collection: 2014
                Publication date (Electronic): 16 May 2014
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 5
                Electronic Location Identifier: e97928
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
                [2 ]Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
                [3 ]Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
                [4 ]Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
                University of Hong Kong, CHINA
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Conceived and designed the experiments: XG WL YB WJ. Performed the experiments: XG WL XH. Analyzed the data: CP XH WJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LJ. Wrote the manuscript: CP WJ. Conducted literature research: CP. Data interpretation: CP. Draft and revision of the paper: CP WJ. Photographing and assessment of retina: LJ. Coordinated the study: WJ. Contributed to acquisition of funding: WJ.

                Article
                Publisher ID: PONE-D-13-53767
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097928
                PMC ID: 4023981
                PubMed ID: 24835219
                SO-VID: c7e78ffc-571b-46f0-8b94-cde4ef2d2fd2
                Copyright statement: Copyright @ 2014
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 26 December 2013
                Date accepted : 25 April 2014
                Page count
                Pages: 6
                Funding
                This study was supported by Drug Innovation Program of National Science and Technology Project (No. 2011ZX09307-001-02), Integrated Control Project of chronic diseases from Shanghai Hospital Development Center (No. SHDC12012302) and Training Program for Young Clinician from Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau (No. [2012]114). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Biology and Life Sciences
                Subject: Biochemistry
                Subject: Metabolism
                Subject: Metabolic Pathways
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Endocrinology
                Subject: Diabetic Endocrinology
                Subject: Epidemiology
                Subject: Disease Informatics
                Subject: Metabolic Disorders
                Subject: Diabetes Mellitus
                Subject: Type 2 Diabetes
                Subject: Research and Analysis Methods
                Subject: Research Design
                Subject: Clinical Research Design
                Subject: Cross-Sectional Studies
                Subject: Observational Studies
                Subject: Retrospective Studies

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content133

                See all similar

                Cited by15

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors584

                See all reference authors