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      Descrição e variação sazonal na histomorfometria epididimária de Dermanura cinerea (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no Nordeste do Brasil Translated title: Description and seasonal variation in epididymal histomorphometry of Dermanuracinerea (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in the Northeastern Brazil

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Esse estudo objetivou avaliar sazonalmente a histomorfometria do epidídimo de Dermanura cinerea (Gervais, 1856) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no nordeste do Brasil. Foram utilizados 18 espécimes machos adultos capturados por redes de neblina. As coletas ocorreram mensalmente ao longo de dezoito meses, durante duas noites consecutivas e os dados meteorológicos foram fornecidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Depois de eutanasiados, os espécimes tiveram os epidídimos coletados e esses órgãos foram fixados e processados. As lâminas histológicas foram coradas por Hematoxilina - Eosina e analisadas em microscopia óptica. Os parâmetros morfométricos analisados foram as áreas do túbulo, do lúmen e do epitélio das regiões do segmento inicial, cabeça, corpo e cauda do epidídimo. Os dados histomorfométricos obtidos foram submetidos às análises no teste U de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados revelaram que D. cinerea apresentou espermatozoides em todas as regiões do epidídimo, exceto no segmento inicial. As maiores médias das áreas tubular, do lúmen e do epitélio nas quatro regiões, foram constatadas durante os meses secos. Portanto, D cinerea apresentou maior sensibilidade na região da cauda do epidídimo, ao longo dos meses com baixos índices pluviométricos. Isso indica que as condições ambientais apresentam considerável influência sobre a morfofisiologia epidídimária dessa espécie, sobretudo, em relação ao armazenamento de espermatozoides na cauda desse órgão, em área de Mata atlântica do nordeste brasileiro.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Description and seasonal variation in epididymal histomorphometry of Dermanuracinerea (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in the Northeastern Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate seasonal patterns in the histomorphometry of the epididymis of Dermanura cinerea (Gervais, 1856) in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in the Northeastern Brazil. Eighteen adult male specimens captured by mist net were used. The field-work occurred monthly over 18 months, during two consecutive nights. Meteorological data (precipitation) were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology. After euthanasia, specimens had the epididymis collected, which were fixed and processed. The histological slides produced were stained by Hematoxylin - Eosin and analyzed by optical microscopy. The morphometric parameters analyzed were the tubular, lumen and epithelium areas, of the regions of the initial segment, caput, corpus and cauda of the epididymis. The histomorphometric data were submitted to the Mann-Whitney U test analyzes. The results showed that D. cinerea presented spermatozoa in all regions of the epididymis, except in the initial segment. The highest averages of the tubular, lumen and epithelial areas in the four regions were observed during the dry months. Therefore, D cinerea presented greater sensibility in the region of the cauda of the epididymis, during the months with low rainfall indices. This indicates that environmental conditions have considerable influence on the epididymal morphophysiology of this species, especially in relation to the storage of sperm in the tail of this organ, in area of Atlantic forest in northeastern Brazil.

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          Reproductive patterns and feeding habits of three nectarivorous bats (Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae) from the Brazilian Cerrado.

          M Zortea (2003)
          The reproductive patterns and feeding habits of three sympatric nectarivorous bats, Glossophaga soricina, Anoura caudifera, and A. geoffroyi were studied in the Pousada das Araras Natural Reserve, located in Central Brazil. The bats were captured with mist nets from August 2000 to July 2001. Reproductive condition was determined by external analyses of the specimens and feeding habits from fecal samples. Glossophaga soricina was the most abundant species (65%), followed by A. geoffroyi (30%) and A. caudifera (5%). Significant differences were observed in the sex-ratio of the two more abundant species. Anoura geoffroyi showed a monoestrous pattern; its reproductive peaks occurred between the end of the dry season and the beginning of the rain season. A seasonal bimodal pattern was recorded for G. soricina, with pregnant specimens showing one peak observed in the dry season and another in the middle of the rainy season. The reproductive pattern of A. caudifera could not be satisfactorily defined because of the small sample size. However, this species apparently has a reproductive cycle similar to that of G. soricina. The patterns observed in this study seem to be related with the climate in the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado), with two well-defined seasons (dry and wet). By adjusting the parturition close to or in the rain season the three species could be favoring a greates survival rate for the offspring, since the critical lactation period would then occur in a time of maximum food availability. The three bat species showed a generalist diet, consuming fruits, pollennectar, and arthropods. Significant differences were observed in the diet of G. soricina: fruits and arthropods predominated in the dry season and pulp (fruits) in the rainy season. Males and females of this species ate the same items in similar proportions. Although A. geoffroyi has not showed a preference for a specific item, consumption of fruits and arthropods was generally greater than that of pollen.
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            Molecular systematics of the genus Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae).

            A molecular phylogeny of the genus Artibeus using 19 of the 20 recognized species, many with samples from a broad geographic range, is presented. The analysis shows a clear distinction between the two subgenera (or genera), the 'large'Artibeus and the 'small'Dermanura, in both mitochondrial and nuclear genes. The placement and status of A. concolor remains inconclusive and is presented as the third subgenus Koopmania. The phylogenies and divergence time estimates show a marked influence of the Andes in the formation of the subgenera and the main lineages inside each subgenus. Nuclear genes showed a highly incomplete lineage sorting among species inside subgenera Artibeus and Dermanura. Indeed, shared alleles were also found between Artibeus and Koopmania, which are presumed to have split apart during the Miocene, showing that great care should be taken in using these markers. Cytochrome-b gene divergences and monophyly analyses suggest that A. lituratus and A. intermedius are indeed conspecifics. These analyses also suggested the existence of at least four 'new' species revealing a significant cryptic diversity inside the genus.
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              Three Central American Bat Communitis: Structure, Reproductive Cycles, and Movement Patterns

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                isz
                Iheringia. Série Zoologia
                Iheringia, Sér. Zool.
                Museu de Ciências Naturais (Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil )
                0073-4721
                1678-4766
                2021
                : 111
                : e2021008
                Affiliations
                [2] Vitória de Santo Antão Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco orgdiv1Centro Acadêmico de Vitória orgdiv2Núcleo de Biologia Brazil
                [1] Recife Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco orgdiv1Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Brazil
                Article
                S0073-47212021000100208 S0073-4721(21)11100000208
                10.1590/1678-4766e2021008
                c81c6e1f-71b8-4176-87fe-08f2379d4467

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 August 2019
                : 22 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 49, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos

                morfometria,sazonalidade,Bats,epididymis,histology,morphometry,seasonality,Epidídimo,histologia,morcegos

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