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Abstract
A polymer-based electrode capable of specific detection of human serum albumin, and
its glycated derivatives, is described. The sensor is constructed from a glass microscope
slide coated with a synthesized, polythiophene film bearing a protected, iminodiacetic
acid motif. The electrode surface is then further elaborated to a functional biosensor
through deprotection of the iminodiacetic acid, followed by metal-affinity immobilization
of a specific and high-affinity, albumin ligand. Albumin was then quantified in buffer
and synthetic urine via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Glycated albumin was
next bound to a boronic acid-modified, single-cysteine dihydrofolate reductase variant
to quantify glycation ratios by square-wave voltammetry. The platform offers high
sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility in an inexpensive arrangement. The detection
limits exceed the requirements for intermediate-term glycemic control monitoring in
diabetes patients at 5 and 1 nM for albumin and its glycated forms, respectively.