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      Desarrollo de una crema de carbocisteína 10% + urea 5% para el tratamiento tópico de las ictiosis congénitas Translated title: Development of a carbocysteine 10% + urea 5% cream for the topical treatment of congenital ichthyosis

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Optimización de una fórmula magistral tópica de N-acetilcisteína y urea para el tratamiento tópico de la ictiosis. Método: Se revisó la estructura química de la molécula de N-acetilcisteína y sus procesos metabólicos. Se realizó una búsqueda de posibles moléculas alternativas con una estructura química similar a la N-acetilcisteína que pudiesen mejorar sus propiedades organolépticas. Bases de datos: PubChem., Botplus., Centro de Información de Medicamentos de la Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios. Criterios de selección de la molécula: similitud estructural, mismo grupo terapéutico, mismo mecanismo de acción, misma indicación autorizada, ausencia de olor desagradable y estar comercializada como materia prima en España. Para el desarrollo galénico y validación de la fórmula se realizaron varios ensayos y controles siguiendo el procedimiento de elaboración de emulsiones del Formulario Nacional. Para establecer el periodo de validez se siguieron las recomendaciones de la “Guía de buenas prácticas de preparación de medicamentos en los servicios de farmacia hospitalaria”. Resultados: La N-acetilcisteína presenta grupo sulfhidrilo libre, responsable del olor, sufre desacetilación y sus principales metabolitos son cistina y cisteamina. Las moléculas evaluadas fueron: cistina, cisteamina, carbocisteína, cisteína y metionina. Se seleccionó la carbocisteína por cumplir todos los criterios de selección. La carbocisteína es prácticamente insoluble en agua y soluble en disoluciones de ácidos minerales e hidróxidos alcalinos. A diferencia de la N-acetilcisteína, carece de olor fétido. Presenta su máxima estabilidad a pH 5,5-7,5. La composición de la fórmula magistral (100 g): carbocisteína (10 g), urea (5 g), glicerina (15 g), agua (44 ml), hidróxido sódico (1 g) y Neo PCL. Oil/Water (O/W) (25 g). Periodo de caducidad: 30 días. Los caracteres organolépticos, signo de la emulsión y pH permanecieron estables durante el periodo de caducidad establecido. La fórmula magistral de carbocisteína elaborada se ha incorporado al arsenal de tratamientos tópicos disponibles para los pacientes con ictiosis de nuestro centro. Conclusiones: La molécula de carbocisteína resultó ser una buena alternativa terapéutica que subsana el olor desagradable de la N-acetilcisteína. La fórmula magistral de carbocisteína desarrollada fue incluida como tratamiento tópico de la ictiosis gracias a su tolerabilidad, aceptabilidad y efectividad en el tratamiento de pacientes afectos de esta genodermatosis.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: Optimization of a topical formula of N-acetylcysteine and urea for the topical treatment of ichthyosis. Method: We reviewed the chemical structure of the N-acetylcysteine molecule and its metabolic processes. A search was conducted of possible alternative molecules with a chemical structure similar to that of N-acetylcysteine that could have improved organoleptic properties. The following databases were used: PubChem., Botplus., the Drug Information Centre of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices. The molecule selection criteria were as follows: structural similarity, same therapeutic group, same mechanism of action, same authorized indication, absence of unpleasant smell, and being marketed as raw material in Spain. To complete the pharmaceutical development and validation of the compound, several tests and controls were conducted following the emulsion production procedure of the National Formulary. In order to establish the validity period, we followed the recommendations of the “Guide to Good Drug Preparation Practices in Hospital Pharmacy Services”. Results: N-acetylcysteine has a free sulfhydryl group, which is responsible for its smell, and undergoes deacetylation. Its main metabolites are cystine and cysteamine. The following molecules were assessed: cystine, cysteamine, carbocisteine, cysteine and methionine. Carbocisteine was selected because it met all the selection criteria. Carbocisteine is practically insoluble in water and soluble in mineral acids and alkaline hydroxides solutions. Unlike N-acetylcysteine, it does not have a fetid smell. It reaches its maximum stability at pH 5.5 to 7.5. The composition of the compound (100 g) was as follows: carbocisteine (10 g), urea (5 g), glycerine (15 g), water (44 mL), sodium hydroxide (1 g), and Neo PCL. Oil/Water (O/W) (25 g). It has an expiration period of 30 days. The organoleptic characteristics, emulsion type, and pH remained stable within the established expiration period. The carbocisteine compound has been incorporated into the group of topical treatments available for the treatment of patients with ichthyosis in our hospital. Conclusions: The carbocisteine molecule is a good therapeutic alternative that lacks the unpleasant smell of N-acetylcysteine. The carbocisteine compound developed has been included as topical treatment for ichthyosis due to its tolerability, acceptability, and effectiveness in the treatment of patients affected by this genodermatosis.

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          Most cited references23

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          PubChem

          (2025)
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            Ictiosis congénitas autosómicas recesivas

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              The Potential Uses of N-acetylcysteine in Dermatology: A Review.

              Background: In recent studies, N-acetylcysteine has been shown to be efficacious in several dermatologic conditions. Objective: The aim was to review clinical trials that assess the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in cutaneous disorders. Design: The PubMed database was searched and a manual search of clinical trials in the references was performed. Studies included randomized, controlled studies, uncontrolled studies, meta-analyses, and systemic reviews published between years 1966 and 2017. Results: Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine was shown in excoriation disorder, onychophagia disorder, trichotillomania, acne vulgaris, Type I lamellar ichthyosis, bullous morphea, systemic sclerosis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, atopic dermatitis, xeroderma pigmentosum, and pseudoporphyria. Studies also show benefits in wound healing and photoprotection. Conclusion: The review of available literature suggests that N-acetylcysteine could potentially serve as a safe, tolerable, and effective therapeutic option for a variety of dermatologic conditions.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fh
                Farmacia Hospitalaria
                Farm Hosp.
                Grupo Aula Médica (Toledo, Toledo, Spain )
                1130-6343
                2171-8695
                April 2022
                : 46
                : 2
                : 51-56
                Affiliations
                [1] Pontevedra orgnameComplejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España
                [3] Pontevedra orgnameComplejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra orgdiv1Servicio de Dermatología España
                [2] Pontevedra orgnameFundación Biomédica Galicia Sur orgdiv1Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur España
                Article
                S1130-63432022000200003 S1130-6343(22)04600200003
                10.7399/fh.11623
                c841ee29-4033-4571-b416-fe037e04ad65

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 November 2021
                : 20 December 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Enfermedades raras,Tolerance,Effectiveness,Carbocisteine,Acetylcysteine,Therapy,Drug compounding,Rare diseases,Congenital ichthyosis,Tolerancia,Efectividad,Carbocisteína,Acetilcisteína,Tratamiento,Formulación magistral,Ictiosis congénitas

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