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      Chronic hypoxaemia as a molecular regulator of fetal lung development: implications for risk of respiratory complications at birth.

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          Abstract

          Exposure to altered intrauterine conditions during pregnancy influences both fetal growth and organ development. Chronic fetal hypoxaemia is a common pregnancy complication associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) that may influence the risk of infants experiencing respiratory complications at birth. There are a variety of signalling pathways that contribute to normal fetal lung development at the molecular level. The specific molecular effects of chronic hypoxaemia associated with IUGR on lung development are likely to be dependent on the specific aetiology (maternal, placental and/or fetal factors) that can alter hormone concentrations, oxygen and nutrient transport to the fetus. This review discusses molecular pathways that may contribute to altered fetal lung maturation following exposure to chronic hypoxaemia. Importantly, these studies highlight that the heterogeneity in respiratory outcomes at birth in this obstetric subpopulation are likely determined by the timing, severity and duration of chronic hypoxaemia encountered by the fetus during pregnancy.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Paediatr Respir Rev
          Paediatric respiratory reviews
          Elsevier BV
          1526-0550
          1526-0542
          Jan 2017
          : 21
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group; Molecular and Evolutionary Physiology of the Lung Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: erin.mcgillick@mymail.unisa.edu.au.
          [2 ] Molecular and Evolutionary Physiology of the Lung Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: Sandra.Orgeig@unisa.edu.au.
          [3 ] Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. Electronic address: dag26@cam.ac.uk.
          [4 ] Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group. Electronic address: Janna.Morrison@unisa.edu.au.
          Article
          S1526-0542(16)30085-9
          10.1016/j.prrv.2016.08.011
          27692868
          c89e5cb5-13ce-4144-91d1-c46d1967dea8
          History

          chronic hypoxaemia,intrauterine growth restriction,oxidative stress,pulmonary surfactant,respiratory distress syndrome,Fetal lung

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