22
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Reproductive biology of the threatened species Furcraea parmentieri (Aspargaceae)

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Abstract: Background: Reproductive traits are features of a species’ biology that may determine its rarity, as they affect its genetic diversity and structure, as well as its population dynamics. Study species: The rare and threatened species Furcraea parmentieri, whose distribution is limited to the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt. Questions: How is the reproductive phenology of F. parmentieri? Does flower morphology vary between individuals? Does it produce nectar? Which animals visit its flowers? Is it self-compatible? Do the seeds originated via different pollination treatments show differences in their germinability? Study sites and dates: We studied the F. parmentieri from 2007 to 2008, at El Xitle volcano (altitude: 2,800 – 3,100 m; pine-oak forest), in the south of Mexico City. Methods: Reproductive phenology was recorded through fortnightly visits to the study site. Flowers were collected, flower visitors were recorded and nectar production was measured. An experiment was done which included four treatments: autonomous pollination, geitonogamy, cross pollination, and a control. We measured seed set, fruit set and seed germination in each treatment. Results: Inflorescences started in January and flowering finished in May. Fruit maturation took from May to November. Nectar production was negligible. Flowers were visited by hawkmoths and hummingbirds. Fruit set was very low (ca. 5 %) and we observed self-incompatibility. Conclusions: Fucraeae parmentieri presents a low fruit set due to pollinator limitation. However the population seems to be thriving. The main threat faced by this species is the high land-use change rate along its distribution range, as well as climate change.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen: Antecedentes: Las características reproductivas son rasgos que pueden determinar la rareza de una especie, pues afectan su diversidad y su estructura genética, así como su dinámica poblacional. Especie de studio: La especie rara y amenazada Furcraea parmentieri, cuya distribución se limita al Eje volcánico Trans-Mexicano. Preguntas: ¿Cómo es la fenología reproductiva de F. parmentieri? ¿La morfología floral varía entre individuos? ¿Produce néctar? ¿Qué animales visitan sus flores? ¿Es autocompatible? ¿Las semillas que se origina de diferentes formas de polinización difieren en su capacidad germinativa? Sitio y años de estudio: Estudiamos a F. parmentieri de 2007 a 2008 en el Volcán Xitle (altitud: 2,800 – 3,100 m; bosque de pino-encino), en el sur de la Ciudad de México. Métodos: La fenología reproductiva se registró a lo largo de visitas quincenales a la población. Se colectaron flores, se registraron los visitantes florales y se midió la producción de néctar. Se llevó a cabo un experimento que incluyó cuatro tratamientos: polinización autónoma, geitonogamia, polinización cruzada y un control. Se midió el seed set, el fruit set y la germinación de semillas en cada tratamiento. Resultados: Las inflorescencias iniciaron en enero y la floración terminó en mayo. La maduración de los frutos fue de mayo a noviembre. La producción de néctar fue despreciable. Las flores fueron visitadas por esfíngidos y colibíes. El fruit set fue bajo (ca. 5 %) y se observó auto-incompatibilidad. Conclusiones: Furcraea parmentieri presenta un bajo fruit set debido a una limitación de polinizadores. Sin embargo, la población parece estar manteniéndose. La mayor amenaza que enfrenta esta especie es la alta tasa de cambio de uso de suelo en los ambientes en los que habita, así como el cambio climático.

          Related collections

          Most cited references33

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, Protección ambiental - Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres - Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio - Lista de especies en riesgo

          (2010)
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Timing and rate of speciation in Agave (Agavaceae).

            The Agave (Agavaceae) are keystone species of semiarid to arid regions where the geographic center of origin is Mexico but whose populations spread from the southwestern U.S. through Central America, the Caribbean, and into northern South America. Our analyses indicate that Agave is a young genus, between 7.8 and 10.1 million years old, and yet it harbors the most species of any genera in the family. Of the eight genera in the family, Agave is paraphyletic with respect to three of them, and these four genera are often grouped into a genus termed Agave sensu lato, which harbors 208 of the 293 recognized species in the Agavaceae. In this article, we examine the phylogenetic limits of Agave sensu lato and present analyses elucidating the origin and rate of speciation in the group. These analyses lead to some new insights into the phylogenetic limits of Agave, indicate an estimated age of the family between 20 and 26 million years and an age of the Agave sensu lato of
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Genome-wide association mapping unravels the genetic control of seed germination and vigor in Brassica napus

              Rapid and uniform seed germination is a crucial prerequisite for crop establishment and high yield levels in crop production. A disclosure of genetic factors contributing to adequate seed vigor would help to further increase yield potential and stability. Here we carried out a genome-wide association study in order to define genomic regions influencing seed germination and early seedling growth in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). A population of 248 genetically diverse winter-type B. napus accessions was genotyped with the Brassica 60k SNP Illumina genotyping array. Automated high-throughput in vitro phenotyping provided extensive data for multiple traits related to germination and early vigor, such as germination speed, absolute germination rate and radicle elongation. The data obtained indicate that seed germination and radicle growth are strongly environmentally dependent, but could nevertheless be substantially improved by genomic-based breeding. Conditions during seed production and storage were shown to have a profound effect on seed vigor, and a variable manifestation of seed dormancy appears to contribute to differences in germination performance in B. napus. Several promising positional and functional candidate genes could be identified within the genomic regions associated with germination speed, absolute germination rate, radicle growth and thousand seed weight. These include B. napus orthologs of the Arabidopsis thaliana genes SNOWY COTYLEDON 1 (SCO1), ARABIDOPSIS TWO-COMPONENT RESPONSE REGULATOR (ARR4), and ARGINYL-t-RNA PROTEIN TRANSFERASE 1 (ATE1), which have been shown previously to play a role in seed germination and seedling growth in A. thaliana.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bs
                Botanical Sciences
                Bot. sci
                Sociedad Botánica de México A.C. (México, DF, Mexico )
                2007-4298
                2007-4476
                September 2017
                : 95
                : 3
                : 409-422
                Affiliations
                [1] México D.F. orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Mexico
                [2] D.F. orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
                Article
                S2007-42982017000300409
                10.17129/botsci.1019
                c8a3db57-abb2-4e65-b694-27d2b4a3836d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 November 2016
                : 02 February 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 47, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Ecology

                Ecology
                Entrecruzamiento,Auto-incompatibilidad,Geitonogamia,Germinación de semillas,Polinización,Reproducción masiva,Sistemas reproductivos,Geitonogamy,Mast seeding,Outcrossing,Pollination,Reproductive systems,Seed germination,Self incompatibility

                Comments

                Comment on this article