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      Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la hernia obturatriz: Análisis de nuestra experiencia Translated title: Diagnosis and management of obturator hernia: analysis of our experience

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          Abstract

          La hernia obturatriz es una entidad rara, con frecuente ausencia de signos y síntomas específicos, lo que retrasa su diagnóstico y tratamiento, y por ello puede presentar una elevada tasa de estrangulación y mortalidad. Material y Métodos: Efectuamos un estudio retrospectivo sobre 17 casos de hernia obturatriz en el Hospital Ramón y Cajal entre enero de 1986 y diciembre de 2007. Resultados: Todos los pacientes eran mujeres con una edad media de 77 años (rango 19-88 años). El tiempo medio desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la cirugía fue de 3 días (rango 1-10 días). El signo de Howship- Romberg fue positivo en 5 casos (29,4%). Se efectuaron 16 intervenciones con carácter de urgente (94%) y una de forma electiva (6%). La realización de un TAC va a incrementar la tasa de diagnóstico preoperatorio de un 16,6% a un 41,2%. La tasa de estrangulación fue de 47%, requiriendo resección intestinal 10 pacientes (59%). En 8 ocasiones se reparó el defecto hemiario con una malla de polipropileno (47%), siendo con cierre simple y aposición del peritoneo en los 9 restantes. La estancia media postoperatoria fue de 11,65 días (rango 4-26 días) y la tasa de mortalidad de 23,5%. Conclusión: Aunque la realización del TAC ha incrementado la tasa de diagnóstico preoperatorio, disminuyendo el tiempo desde la aparición de los síntomas hasta la cirugía a 3 días, no hemos podido reducir la tasa de resección intestinal y mortalidad.

          Translated abstract

          Background: Obturator hernia is a rare type of hernia. Because symptoms and signs are non-specific, diagnosis and treatment are often delayed, increasing the rate of strangulation and mortality. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 17 cases of obturator hernia at Ramón y Cajal Hospital between January 1986 and December of 2007. Results: All patients were women with a mean age of 77 years (range 19-88 years). Mean time from onset of symptoms to surgery was 3 days (range 0-10 days). Howship-Romberg sign was positive in five cases (29,4%). Emergency surgery was performed in 16 cases (94%) and elective surgery in one (6%). CT has increased the rate of preoperative diagnosis from 16,6% to 41,2%, however, the rate of strangulation of bowel was 47%, requiring intestinal resection ten patients (59%). Hernia repair was performed using polypropylene mesh in 8 cases (47%) and by means of simple suture and apposition of the peritoneum in the rest 9 cases. Mean hospital postoperative stay was 11,65 days (range 4-26 days) and mortality was 23,5%. Conclusion: Although CT sean has facilitated us the correct diagnosis of obturator hernia, decreasing the mean time from onset of symptoms to surgery to 3 days, we could not reduce the rate of intestinal resection and mortality.

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          Thirty-six cases of obturator hernia: does computed tomography contribute to postoperative outcome?

          Obturator hernia is relatively rare and occurs mostly in elderly, thin, multiparous women. Recent reports have highlighted the importance of pelvic computed tomography (CT) for the preoperative diagnosis. Thirty-six patients with an obturator hernia operated in our hospital were divided retrospectively into two groups (group A: 18 operations from 1973 to 1986, before we used CT; group B: 18 CT cases from 1987 to 1995). Preoperative diagnoses, operative procedures, and postoperative course were reviewed. No statistically significant differences were found between groups A and B in terms of patient characteristics. Rates of accurate preoperative diagnoses were significantly higher in group B: 39% (7/18) in group A and 78% (14/18) in group B (p = 0.018). The intraoperative findings, occurrence of postoperative complications, and overall mortality rates were similar between the two groups. There were four postoperative deaths (mortality rate 11%). Three of four patients who died had panperitonitis because of small bowel perforation. The correct preoperative diagnosis of obturator hernia was facilitated by CT of the pelvis, but it has no impact on patient outcome. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are essential for this rare entity.
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            A review of obturator hernia and a proposed algorithm for its diagnosis and treatment.

            The aim of this article is to provide a review of six patients with the various stages of obturator hernia and a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy in suspected cases. Obturator hernia is relatively rare and is a diagnostic challenge. It is a significant cause of intestinal obstruction, especially in emaciated elderly women with chronic disease. A palpable groin mass is not common in these patients because the hernia mass is usually concealed beneath the pectineus muscle. The high mortality is directly related to the delayed recognition, with resultant ruptured gangrenous bowel, and to the high incidence of patients with concurrent medical illness. A total of six patients with obturator hernias were treated at this hospital between 1994 and 2004, and one of these patients was diagnosed and treated by elective laparoscopy. We reviewed these six cases and examined the clinical presentation, age, body weight, associated medical conditions, preoperative diagnosis, operative findings, complications, and outcome in this retrospective study. We concluded that we cannot shorten the time from onset of symptoms to admission, but what we can do is to make a rapid evaluation and surgical intervention to reduce the morbidity and mortality from obturator hernia. The approaches to different presentation of obturator hernia and diagnostic role of CT scan are also discussed.
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              Forty-three cases of obturator hernia.

              Obturator hernia is a relatively rare pelvic hernia and usually occurs in elderly, thin, multiparous women. Because symptoms are nonspecific, the diagnosis is often delayed until laparotomy is performed form to treat bowel obstruction. Forty-three patients with obturator hernia undergoing surgery at Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital were divided retrospectively into two groups (group A = 23 patients from 1968 to 1986 before computed axial tomography [CAT] was developed; group B = 20 patients from 1987 to 1999 after CAT). Preoperative diagnosis, operative procedures, and postoperative course were reviewed and compared between the 2 groups. Preoperative diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher in group B at 80.0% (16 of 20 patients) than in group A at 43.5% (10 of 23 patients) (P = 0.0146). Rate of gut resection and mortality were significantly lower in group B at 25.0% (4 of 20) and 5.0% (1 of 20) than in group A at 52.2% (12 and 23) and 30.4% (7 of 23) (P = 0.0295 and P = 0.0385, respectively). The use of pelvic CAT in cases of suspected obturator hernia significantly enhances preoperative diagnostic accuracy and helps to decrease both intestinal resection rate and surgical mortality.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchcir
                Revista chilena de cirugía
                Rev Chil Cir
                Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-4026
                April 2010
                : 62
                : 2
                : 131-137
                Affiliations
                [03] Pontevedra orgnameFundación Pública Hospital Comarcal Do Saines orgdiv1Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestivo España
                [01] orgnameHospital General de Castellón orgdiv1Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestivo España
                [02] Madrid orgnameHospital Ramón y Cajal orgdiv1Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestivo España
                Article
                S0718-40262010000200007 S0718-4026(10)06200200007
                10.4067/S0718-40262010000200007
                c8b9275d-6de5-4cfb-8c01-113c6bb555bb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 April 2009
                : 28 November 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN

                Hernia obturatriz,Howship-Romberg sign,obstrucción intestinal,diagnosis,diagnóstico,signo de Howship-Romberg,treatment,Obturator hernia,intestinal obstruction,tratamiento

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