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      Un ensayo sobre regionalización biogeográfica Translated title: An essay about biogeographical regionalization

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          Abstract

          Una regionalización biogeográfica es un sistema jerárquico para categorizar áreas geográficas en términos de su biota. Esta jerarquía incluye los niveles de reino, región, dominio, provincia y distrito, siendo el nivel básico la provincia. Se han propuesto numerosas regionalizaciones para caracterizar áreas biogeográficas, algunas de ellas basadas en la similitud total de sus biotas. Sin embargo, la identificación de patrones de homología geográfica (a través de la búsqueda de áreas de endemismo sucesivamente anidadas) sería un requisito fundamental para proponer esquemas de regionalización naturales. En el presente artículo se describen los principales conceptos y métodos asociados con el descubrimiento de los patrones biogeográficos usados en la construcción de regionalizaciones biogeográficas naturales.

          Translated abstract

          A biogeographical regionalization is a hierarchical system to categorize geographic areas in terms of their biotas. This hierarchy involves the levels of realm, region, dominion, province and district, with province being the basic level. Many regionalizations have been proposed to categorize biogeographic areas. Some of them are based on the total similarity of their biota; however, the identification of patterns of geographic homology (through the search for successively nested areas of endemism) is a basic requirement for proposing schemes of natural regionalizations. In this paper, I describe the main concepts and methods to identify biogeographical patterns used to build natural biogeographical regionalizations.

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            Predicting species distribution: offering more than simple habitat models

            In the last two decades, interest in species distribution models (SDMs) of plants and animals has grown dramatically. Recent advances in SDMs allow us to potentially forecast anthropogenic effects on patterns of biodiversity at different spatial scales. However, some limitations still preclude the use of SDMs in many theoretical and practical applications. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in this field, discuss the ecological principles and assumptions underpinning SDMs, and highlight critical limitations and decisions inherent in the construction and evaluation of SDMs. Particular emphasis is given to the use of SDMs for the assessment of climate change impacts and conservation management issues. We suggest new avenues for incorporating species migration, population dynamics, biotic interactions and community ecology into SDMs at multiple spatial scales. Addressing all these issues requires a better integration of SDMs with ecological theory.
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              Predictive habitat distribution models in ecology

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmbiodiv
                Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
                Rev. Mex. Biodiv.
                Instituto de Biología (México, DF, Mexico )
                1870-3453
                2007-8706
                August 2009
                : 80
                : 2
                : 551-560
                Affiliations
                [01] México D. F. orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias orgdiv2Departamento de Biología Evolutiva México
                Article
                S1870-34532009000200024 S1870-3453(09)08000200024
                c9a707f0-4d20-4dd8-8811-b1bd63b9d48e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 April 2008
                : 18 September 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 85, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Biogeografía

                biogeography,naturalness,biogeographical homology,endemicity,biogeografía,región,provincia,naturalidad,jerarquía,homología biogeográfica,endemismo,hierarchy,province,region

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