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      Tribolium beetles as a model system in evolution and ecology

      review-article
      , ,
      Heredity
      Springer International Publishing
      Model invertebrates, Evolution, Ecology

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          Abstract

          Flour beetles of the genus Tribolium have been utilised as informative study systems for over a century and contributed to major advances across many fields. This review serves to highlight the significant historical contribution that Tribolium study systems have made to the fields of ecology and evolution, and to promote their use as contemporary research models. We review the broad range of studies employing Tribolium to make significant advances in ecology and evolution. We show that research using Tribolium beetles has contributed a substantial amount to evolutionary and ecological understanding, especially in the fields of population dynamics, reproduction and sexual selection, population and quantitative genetics, and behaviour, physiology and life history. We propose a number of future research opportunities using Tribolium, with particular focus on how their amenability to forward and reverse genetic manipulation may provide a valuable complement to other insect models.

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          The genome of the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum.

          Tribolium castaneum is a member of the most species-rich eukaryotic order, a powerful model organism for the study of generalized insect development, and an important pest of stored agricultural products. We describe its genome sequence here. This omnivorous beetle has evolved the ability to interact with a diverse chemical environment, as shown by large expansions in odorant and gustatory receptors, as well as P450 and other detoxification enzymes. Development in Tribolium is more representative of other insects than is Drosophila, a fact reflected in gene content and function. For example, Tribolium has retained more ancestral genes involved in cell-cell communication than Drosophila, some being expressed in the growth zone crucial for axial elongation in short-germ development. Systemic RNA interference in T. castaneum functions differently from that in Caenorhabditis elegans, but nevertheless offers similar power for the elucidation of gene function and identification of targets for selective insect control.
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            The role of propagule pressure in explaining species invasions.

            Human-mediated species invasions are a significant component of current global environmental change. There is every indication that the rate at which locations are accumulating non-native species is accelerating as free trade and globalization advance. Thus, the need to incorporate predictive models in the assessment of invasion risk has become acute. However, finding elements of the invasion process that provide consistent explanatory power has proved elusive. Here, we propose propagule pressure as a key element to understanding why some introduced populations fail to establish whereas others succeed. In the process, we illustrate how the study of propagule pressure can provide an opportunity to tie together disparate research agendas within invasion ecology.
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              Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivores

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                mdpointer@gmail.com
                l.spurgin@uea.ac.uk
                Journal
                Heredity (Edinb)
                Heredity (Edinb)
                Heredity
                Springer International Publishing (Cham )
                0018-067X
                1365-2540
                25 March 2021
                25 March 2021
                June 2021
                : 126
                : 6
                : 869-883
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.8273.e, ISNI 0000 0001 1092 7967, School of Biological Sciences, , University of East Anglia, ; Norwich, UK
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7926-330X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-9281
                Article
                420
                10.1038/s41437-021-00420-1
                8178323
                33767370
                c9c6a544-c9f6-4892-861a-0b8f5a97e906
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 19 October 2020
                : 19 February 2021
                : 19 February 2021
                Categories
                Review Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Genetics Society 2021

                Human biology
                model invertebrates,evolution,ecology
                Human biology
                model invertebrates, evolution, ecology

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