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      Fluorescence Sensing with Cellulose‐Based Materials

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          Abstract

          Cellulose‐based materials functionalized with fluorescence sensors are highly topical and are employed in many areas of functional materials, including the sensing of heavy‐metal ions and anions as well as being widely used as chemical sensors and tools for environmental applications. In this Review, we cover recent progress in the development of cellulose‐based fluorescence sensors as parts of membranes and nanoscale materials for the detection of biological analytes. We believe that this Review will be of interest to chemists, chemical engineers, and biochemists in the sensor community as well as researchers working with biological material systems.

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          Most cited references61

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          Microfibrillated cellulose - its barrier properties and applications in cellulosic materials: a review.

          Interest in microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) has been increasing exponentially. During the last decade, this bio-based nanomaterial was essentially used in nanocomposites for its reinforcement property. Its nano-scale dimensions and its ability to form a strong entangled nanoporous network, however, have encouraged the emergence of new high-value applications. In previous years, its mode of production has completely changed, as many forms of optimization have been developed. New sources, new mechanical processes, and new pre- and post-treatments are currently under development to reduce the high energy consumption and produce new types of MFC materials on an industrial scale. The nanoscale characterization possibilities of different MFC materials are thus increasing intensively. Therefore, it is critical to review such MFC materials and their properties. Moreover, very recent studies have proved the significant barrier properties of MFC. Hence, it is proposed to focus on the barrier properties of MFC used in films, in nanocomposites, or in paper coating. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Crystallographic snapshot of cellulose synthesis and membrane translocation

            Cellulose, the most abundant biological macromolecule, is an extracellular, linear polymer of glucose molecules. It represents an essential component of plant cell walls but is also found in algae and bacteria. In bacteria, cellulose production frequently correlates with the formation of biofilms, a sessile, multicellular growth form. Cellulose synthesis and transport across the inner bacterial membrane is mediated by a complex of the multi-spanning catalytic BcsA subunit and the membrane-anchored, periplasmic BcsB protein. Here we present the crystal structure of a complex of BcsA and BcsB from Rhodobacter sphaeroides containing a translocating polysaccharide. The structure of the BcsA-B translocation intermediate reveals the architecture of the cellulose synthase, demonstrates how BcsA forms a cellulose-conducting channel, and suggests a model for the coupling of cellulose synthesis and translocation in which the nascent polysaccharide is extended by one glucose molecule at a time.
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              Detection of mercury(II) ions using colorimetric gold nanoparticles on paper-based analytical devices.

              An on-field colorimetric sensing strategy employing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and a paper-based analytical platform was investigated for mercury ion (Hg(2+)) detection at water sources. By utilizing thymine-Hg(2+)-thymine (T-Hg(2+)-T) coordination chemistry, label-free detection oligonucleotide sequences were attached to unmodified gold nanoparticles to provide rapid mercury ion sensing without complicated and time-consuming thiolated or other costly labeled probe preparation processes. Not only is this strategy's sensing mechanism specific toward Hg(2+), rather than other metal ions, but also the conformational change in the detection oligonucleotide sequences introduces different degrees of AuNP aggregation that causes the color of AuNPs to exhibit a mixture variance. To eliminate the use of sophisticated equipment and minimize the power requirement for data analysis and transmission, the color variance of multiple detection results were transferred and concentrated on cellulose-based paper analytical devices, and the data were subsequently transmitted for the readout and storage of results using cloud computing via a smartphone. As a result, a detection limit of 50 nM for Hg(2+) spiked pond and river water could be achieved. Furthermore, multiple tests could be performed simultaneously with a 40 min turnaround time. These results suggest that the proposed platform possesses the capability for sensitive and high-throughput on-site mercury pollution monitoring in resource-constrained settings.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                mlincepu@hotmail.com
                huiningxiao@hotmail.com
                t.d.james@bath.ac.uk
                Journal
                ChemistryOpen
                ChemistryOpen
                10.1002/(ISSN)2191-1363
                OPEN
                ChemistryOpen
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2191-1363
                18 September 2017
                December 2017
                : 6
                : 6 ( doiID: 10.1002/open.v6.6 )
                : 685-696
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University 689 Huadian Road Baoding 071003 P. R. China
                [ 2 ] Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
                [ 3 ] Department of Chemical Engineering University of New Brunswick Frederiction NB E3B 5A3 Canada
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8559-2735
                Article
                OPEN201700133
                10.1002/open.201700133
                5715359
                c9fa04fb-3300-4bb2-8611-d90b36f9b63d
                © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 16 July 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 28, Tables: 0, References: 73, Pages: 12, Words: 0
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 21607044
                Award ID: 51379077
                Funded by: Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province
                Award ID: B2017502069
                Funded by: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
                Award ID: 2016MS108
                Categories
                Review
                Reviews
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                open201700133
                December 2017
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:5.2.7 mode:remove_FC converted:05.12.2017

                cellulose,fluorescence,membranes,nanostructures,sensors
                cellulose, fluorescence, membranes, nanostructures, sensors

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