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      Oral health‐related quality of life and associated factors among older people in short‐term care

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          It is well known that oral health status is associated with oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the general population. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse OHRQoL among older people in short‐term care and its associated factors.

          Materials and Methods

          This cross‐sectional study included 391 older people in 36 short‐term care units. Data were collected via clinical oral assessments, questions about self‐perceived oral and general health, Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living (Katz‐ADL) and the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG). OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14). Multivariate logistic regression models were applied in the analysis.

          Results

          Poor OHRQoL was reported by 34% of the older people. Associated factors were swallowing problems according to ROAG; quite poor/poor self‐perceived physical, psychological and oral health; and being a woman.

          Conclusions

          There is an association between OHRQoL and older people's self‐perceived health according to the OHIP‐14. This indicates the importance of early detection of oral health problems in frail older people and to assess both oral health and swallowing problems among older people in short‐term care.

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          Most cited references42

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          Derivation and validation of a short-form oral health impact profile.

          Gary D Slade (1997)
          Growing recognition that quality of life is an important outcome of dental care has created a need for a range of instruments to measure oral health-related quality of life. This study aimed to derive a subset of items from the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49)-a 49-item questionnaire that measures people's perceptions of the impact of oral conditions on their well-being. Secondary analysis was conducted using data from an epidemiologic study of 1217 people aged 60+ years in South Australia. Internal reliability analysis, factor analysis and regression analysis were undertaken to derive a subset (OHIP-14) questionnaire and its validity was evaluated by assessing associations with sociodemographic and clinical oral status variables. Internal reliability of the OHIP-14 was evaluated using Cronbach's coefficient alpha. Regression analysis yielded an optimal set of 14 questions. The OHIP-14 accounted for 94% of variance in the OHIP-49; had high reliability (alpha = 0.88); contained questions from each of the seven conceptual dimensions of the OHIP-49; and had a good distribution of prevalence for individual questions. OHIP-14 scores and OHIP-49 scores displayed the same pattern of variation among sociodemographic groups of older adults. In a multivariate analysis of dentate people, eight oral status and sociodemographic variables were associated (P < 0.05) with both the OHIP-49 and the OHIP-14. While it will be important to replicate these findings in other populations, the findings suggest that the OHIP-14 has good reliability, validity and precision.
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            Development and evaluation of the Oral Health Impact Profile.

            G D Slade, A J Spencer (1994)
            The capacity of dental clinicians and researchers to assess oral health and to advocate for dental care has been hampered by limitations in measurements of the levels of dysfunction, discomfort and disability associated with oral disorders. The purpose of this research was to develop and test the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), a scaled index of the social impact of oral disorders which draws on a theoretical hierarchy of oral health outcomes. Forty nine unique statements describing the consequences of oral disorders were initially derived from 535 statements obtained in interviews with 64 dental patients. The relative importance of statements within each of seven conceptual subscales was assessed by 328 persons using Thurstone's method of paired comparisons. The consistency of their judgements was confirmed (Kendall's mu, P < 0.05). The reliability of the instrument was evaluated in a cohort of 122 persons aged 60 years and over. Internal reliability of six subscales was high (Cronbach's alpha, 0.70-0.83) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.42-0.77) demonstrated stability. Validity was examined using longitudinal data from the 60 years and over cohort where the OHIP's capacity to detect previously observed associations with perceived need for a dental visit (ANOVA, p < 0.05 in five subscales) provided evidence of its construct validity. The Oral Health Impact Profile offers a reliable and valid instrument for detailed measurement of the social impact of oral disorders and has potential benefits for clinical decision-making and research.
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              The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL): development and general psychometric properties.

              M Power, B Murphy, W Kuyken … (1998)
              This paper reports on the field testing, empirical derivation and psychometric properties of the World Health Organisation Quality of Life assessment (the WHOQOL). The steps are presented from the development of the initial pilot version of the instrument to the field trial version, the so-called WHOQOL-100. The instrument has been developed collaboratively in a number of centres in diverse cultural settings over several years; data are presented on the performance of the instrument in 15 different settings worldwide.
              Article 0 comments Cited 429 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Susanne Koistinen:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0290-5586
                sko@du.se
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Dent Hyg
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Dent Hyg
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1111/(ISSN)1601-5037
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IDH
                Title: International Journal of Dental Hygiene
                Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                ISSN (Print): 1601-5029
                ISSN (Electronic): 1601-5037
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 December 2019
                Publication date (Print): May 2020
                Volume: 18
                Issue: 2 ( doiID: 10.1111/idh.v18.2 )
                Pages: 163-172
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] School of Education, Health and Social Studies Dalarna University Falun Sweden
                [ 2 ] Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
                [ 3 ] School of Medicine and Health School of Health Sciences Örebro University Örebro Sweden
                [ 4 ] Dental Research Department Postgraduate Dental Education Center Örebro Sweden
                [ 5 ] Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Medical Sciences Örebro University Örebro Sweden
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Susanne Koistinen, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, 791 88 Falun, Sweden.

                Email: sko@ 123456du.se

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0290-5586
                Article
                Publisher ID: IDH12424
                DOI: 10.1111/idh.12424
                PMC ID: 7217038
                PubMed ID: 31782889
                SO-VID: ca1b62d1-bcf6-42ce-958e-84d39a6664a2
                Copyright © © 2019 The Authors. International Journal of Dental Hygiene published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
                License:

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 04 January 2019
                Date revision received : 12 November 2019
                Date accepted : 26 November 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 4, Pages: 10, Words: 7875
                Funding
                Funded by: The Kamprad Family Foundation for Entrepreneurship, Research, and Charity
                Award ID: 20132115
                Funded by: The Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100006636;
                Award ID: 2013‐2127
                Funded by: Örebro County , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100009228;
                Award ID: RFR‐308581
                Award ID: RFR‐379081
                Award ID: RFR‐475251
                Funded by: Johanniteorden in Sweden
                Funded by: Research Council for Health , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100005878;
                Funded by: Swedish Research Council , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100004359;
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article
                Subject: Original Articles
                Custom metadata
                source-schema-version-number 2.0
                cover-date May 2020
                details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:5.8.1 mode:remove_FC converted:12.05.2020

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: older people,oral health,oral health‐related quality of life,self‐perceived,short‐term care
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: older people, oral health, oral health‐related quality of life, self‐perceived, short‐term care

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