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      DETERMINACIÓN DE LA CINÉTICA, PRUEBAS DE CRECIMIENTO Y EFECTO DE INHIBICIÓN IN VITRO DE Lactobacillus lactis EN Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae Y Escherichia coli Translated title: DETERMINATION OF KINETIC, TESTS AND GROWTH INHIBITION EFFECT OF Lactobacillus lactis IN VITRO IN Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae AND Escherichia coli IN HOLSTEIN COWS

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          Abstract

          Se determinó la cinética, pruebas de crecimiento y efecto de inhibición in vitro de L. lactis sobre S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. agalactiae y E. coli. Los análisis se realizaron en el laboratorio de microbiología de la Universidad de Nariño. Se usó cepas de referencia y cepas aisladas en Pasto Colombia. Se estimó la inhibición de Gentamicina, Penicilina, Ciprofloxacina, Dicloxacilina, Cefepime, Cefalotina, Trimetropin Sulfa y Ampicilina. Se determinó la inhibición por L. lactis y su sobrenadante en las cepas patógenas. Se evaluó el crecimiento de L. lactis a diferentes condiciones gastrointestinales, además, del crecimiento en medio MRS y las variables pH, azúcar, acidez y proteína. Se determinaron los péptidos y ácidos orgánicos en el sobrenadante por HPLC. Se encontró resistencia a los antibióticos de las cepas aisladas, pero no de las cepas de referencia. Unicamente S. aureus (cepa referencia) fue resistente a L. lactis; las cepas de S. agalactiae presentaron resistencia; mientras que S. epidermidis y E. coli fueron susceptibilidad. El sobrenadante inhibió más a las bacterias de referencia, que a las aisladas. Se observó un crecimiento de 0 a 1,4 x 10(12) UFC/ml en las pruebas gastrointestinales. La fase exponencial fue a las 14:48 h (2 x 10(11) UFC/ml), con un pH de 4,29; acidez de 0,62%; azúcar de 2,18 mg/l y 0,279 mg/l de proteína. Se encontró el péptido VAL-TIRL-VAL y 82,9% de ácido láctico. L. lactis inhibe las cepas patógenas en condiciones in vitro presentes en leche con mastitis subclínica de Nariño (Colombia).

          Translated abstract

          The kinetics, growth tests and in vitro inhibition effect of L. lactis on S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. agalactiae and E. coli was determined. Analyses were performed in the laboratory of microbiology at the University of Narino. Reference strains and strains isolated in Pasto Colombia was used. Inhibition of gentamicin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, Dicloxacillin, Cefepime, cephalothin, ampicillin and trimethoprim sulfa estimated. Inhibition L. lactis strains pathogenic and supernatant was determined. L. lactis growth of various gastrointestinal conditions to further growth in MRS medium and varying pH, sugar, acidity and protein was assessed. Peptides and organic acids in the supernatant were determined by HPLC. Antibiotic resistance of the isolated strains was found, but no reference strains. Only S. aureus (reference strain) were resistant to L. lactis; S. agalactiae strains were resistant; while S. epidermidis and E. coli were susceptible. The supernatant inhibited more reference bacteria, which isolated. growth was observed 0 to 1.4 x 109CFU/ml in the gastrointestinal tests. Exponential phase was at 14:48 h (2 x 10(11) CFU/ ml), pH 4.29; acidity 0.62%; sugar 2.18 mg/l and 0.279 mg/l of protein. Peptide-VAL-TIR-VAL and 82.9% lactic acid was found. L. lactis inhibits pathogenic strains in vitro present in milk with subclinical mastitis from Narino (Colombia) conditions.

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          Most cited references38

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          SAS/STAT® 9.1 User's Guide

          (2004)
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            Occurrence, selection and spread of resistance to antimicrobial agents used for growth promotion for food animals in Denmark.

            14.1 This thesis is based on a number of monitoring and research programmes initiated at the Danish Veterinary Laboratory with the aim to determine the occurrence, selection and spread of resistance to antimicrobial agents used for growth promotion. The thesis gives a brief overview of the use, consumption, function and benefit of antimicrobial growth promoters and a more thorough description of the potential resistance problems arising by the use of these agents. 14.2 THE USE OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: Soon after the introduction of antimicrobial agents for therapy of bacterial infections in humans and animals, the growth promoting effect of antimicrobial agents was observed, and since the beginning of the 1950'ties antimicrobial agents have been included in feed for food animals as a way to improve growth and reduce production costs. 14.3 CONSUMPTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL GROWTH PROMOTERS: Exact figures on the consumption of antimicrobial agents for clinical and growth promoting purposes are very difficult to get, and estimates are only available for a few countries. In Denmark, the total annual consumption of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion increased from 67 tonnes to 116 tonnes from 1989 to 1995. After the ban on avoparcin in 1995 the total consumption of growth promoters decreased to 94 tonnes. An increase up to 107 tonnes took place during 1996 and 1997, but during 1998, the consumption decreased to approximately 49 tonnes. The data that are available for different countries show that the use of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion normally equals or exceeds the usage of antimicrobial agents for therapy for food animals. Based on the information available, it can be estimated that the financial sale of antimicrobial agents for animals amounts to approximately 25% to 35% of the world-wide sale, of which the use of antimicrobial agents as feed additives is at least 50%. 14.4 MODE OF ACTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL GROWTH PROMOTERS: The mode of action of antimicrobial growth promoters is not fully understood. However, the main effects are believed to be a reduction of the growth of bacteria in the intestinal tract and thereby less microbial degradation of useful nutritients, and the prevention of infections with pathogenic bacteria. 14.5 BENEFIT FROM THE USE OF ANTIMICROBIAL GROWTH PROMOTERS: Numerous studies on the economic benefit of the use of antimicrobial growth promoters have been performed. The growth response is normally larger in young animals than in older animals. Large variations in the estimates have been observed, but in general a improvement in growth rate and feed utilisation has been observed. 14.6 SUSCEPTIBILITY AND RESISTANCE TO ANTIMICROBIAL GROWTH PROMOTERS: The definition of a bacterium as susceptible or resistant to an antimicrobial agent ultimately depends on clinical outcome. Since the exact mode of action of antimicrobial growth promoters are not known, the only way to define break points is based on the population distributions of susceptibilities to different agents. For antimicrobial agents used both for therapy and growth promotion the break points for therapy have been used. For avilamycin, avoparcin, flavomycin, monensin and salinomycin, that are used for growth promotion only, tentative break points based on population distributions have to be defined. The tentative break points for avoparcin and avilamycin have been confirmed by cross-resistance to other antimicrobial agents belonging to the same class and the presence of resistance mechanisms. 14.7 OCCURRENCE OF AND SELECTION FOR RESISTANCE TO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USED FOR GROWTH PROMOTION: Information on the occurrence of resistance is needed to guide policy and detect changes that require intervention strategies. In 1995, a continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from food animals was established in Denmark. Among food animals three categories of bacteria (indicator bacteria, zoonotic bacteria and animal pathogens) are continuously isolated from broilers, cattle and pigs and tested for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents used for therapy and growth promotion by disc diffusion or MIC-determinations. In all known cases antimicrobial resistance has emerged following the introduction of new antimicrobial compounds for therapy. The occurrence of resistance to antimicrobial agents used for growth promotion indicates that resistance will also emerge following the introduction of antimicrobials for growth promotion. Comparison of the occurrence of resistance among reservoirs with different usage of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion also shows that the occurrence of resistance will follow the usage. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
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              Métodos analíticos oficiáis para controle de produtos de origem animal e seus ingredients: II Métodos físicos e químicos

              (1981)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rfmvz
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia
                Rev. Med. Vet. Zoot.
                Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá )
                0120-2952
                August 2015
                : 62
                : 2
                : 40-56
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de Nariño Colombia
                [2 ] Universidad de Nariño Colombia
                [3 ] Universidad de Nariño Colombia
                Article
                S0120-29522015000200005
                10.15446/rfmvz.v62n2.51993
                ca8f9202-c8c4-4464-8c00-5b2520f77527

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-2952&lng=en
                Categories
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine
                antibiotics,biomass,functional,animal health,antibióticos,biomasa,funcionales,salud animal

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