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      Tiempo de supervivencia in vivo y criopreservación de Trypanosoma Vivax Translated title: In vivo Survival Time and Cryopreservation of Trypanosoma vivax

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          Abstract

          Uno de los problemas más comunes del trabajo con Trypanosoma vivax, es la supervivencia y criopreservación de este protozoario, lo cual origina pérdida de aislados de campo y errores en exámenes parasitológicos. Se propone evaluar la supervivencia in vivo en condiciones de campo y criopreservación de T. vivax. Para determinar la supervivencia, la sangre se sometió a temperatura ambiente y refrigeración a 4°C, luego se determinó la sobrevivencia en el tiempo. Para el estudio de criopreservación, se emplearon dos crioprotectores de diferente naturaleza química: glicerol 10% y DMSO 5% de concentración final. Además, la criopreservación se realizó bajo tres condiciones de almacenamiento en nitrógeno líquido: 1) fase gaseosa 2) líquida y 3) combinación de ambas. Durante la evaluación de la supervivencia, se observó que la sobrevivencia de T. vivax en sangre refrigerada disminuyó significativamente (P<0,01), en comparación con aquellas sometidas a temperatura ambiente. Sin embargo, la sobrevivencia de éstos últimos comienza a disminuir luego de 6 horas, aunque algunos hemoparásitos permanecieron viables hasta 24 horas post-recolección. Para evaluar la criopreservación, al cabo de dos semanas, se descongelaron los crioviales, se determinó la sobrevivencia, resultando negativas las muestras sometidas a congelamiento directo en fase líquida. Los otros dos métodos empleados, resultaron similares (estadísticamente no significativos), el glicerol 10% resultó con mayor número de parásitos viables. En conclusión, se determinó que, las muestras infectadas con T. vivax deben evaluarse antes de 8 horas post-recolección y mantenerlas a temperatura ambiente. Por otra parte, el congelamiento debe realizarse en primera instancia en fase gaseosa o combinación gaseosa/líquida, empleando glicerol 10%. Estos resultados, permiten sugerir la mejor metodología a ser empleada para la supervivencia de los parásitos antes de exámenes parasitológicos directos, así como también las condiciones óptimas para la criopreservación del Trypanosoma vivax.

          Translated abstract

          One of the common problems working with Trypanosoma vivax is its survival and cryopreservation, which originates loss of field isolates and parasitological examinations mistakes. The aim of this paper was to study the best methodologies for in vivo survival under field conditions and cryopreservation of the T. vivax. In order to study complete blood survival of T. vivax, two surviving conditions were tested at: room temperature and refrigeration at 4°C. The result shows that surviving in cooled sampled diminished significantly (P<0.01) compare with room temperature. Nevertheless, surviving of room temperature parasite begins to diminish after 6 hours, although some parasites remained viable up to 24 hours post-harvesting. Cryopreservation studies were made under three liquid nitrogen storage conditions: 1) gaseous phase 2) liquid and 3) gaseous/ liquid phase combination (glycerol 10% and DMSO 5%, were used as cryoprotectants). After two weeks and defrost the survive of T. vivax from cryovials determined. The result show that: a) direct freezing in liquid phase samples were negative and b) the other two methodology were positive and statistically similar, glycerol 10% resulted with the greatest number of viable parasites. In conclusion, these results suggest that the best methodologies for conservation under field conditions, were that the samples infected with T. vivax must be evaluated before 8 hours post-harvesting at room temperature and cryopreservation condition of the T. vivax, must be made in gaseous phase or gaseous/liquid phase combination.

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          Most cited references32

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          Protectants used in the cryopreservation of microorganisms.

          The cryoprotective additives (CPAs) used in the frozen storage of microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa) include a variety of simple and more complex chemical compounds, but only a few of them have been used widely and with satisfactory results: these include dimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO), glycerol, blood serum or serum albumin, skimmed milk, peptone, yeast extract, saccharose, glucose, methanol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sorbitol, and malt extract. Pairwise comparisons of the cryoprotective activity of the more common CPAs used in cryomicrobiology, based on published experimental reports, indicate that the most successful CPAs have been Me2SO, methanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and serum or serum albumin, while glycerol, polyethylene glycol, PVP, and sucrose are less successful, and other sugars, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch, sorbitol, and milk are the least effective. However, diols (as well as some other CPAs) are toxic for many microbes. Me2SO might be regarded as the most universally useful CPA, although certain other CPAs can sometimes yield better recoveries with particular organisms. The best CPA, or combination of CPAs, and the optimum concentration for a particular cryosensitive microorganism has to be determined empirically. This review aims to provide a summary of the main experimental findings with a wide range of additives and organisms. A brief discussion of mechanisms of CPA action is also included.
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            Isolation of salivarian trypanosomes from man and other mammals using DEAE-cellulose.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rc
                Revista Científica
                Rev. cient. (Maracaibo)
                UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA (Maracaibo )
                0798-2259
                June 2009
                : 19
                : 3
                : 225-229
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Central de Venezuela Venezuela
                [2 ] Universidad Simón Bolívar
                [3 ] Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez Venezuela
                Article
                S0798-22592009000300002
                cafc13c3-797f-4712-a67b-60af188b65ff

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0798-2259&lng=en
                Categories
                ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine,General engineering
                supervivencia,Trypanosoma vivax,cryoprotectants,freezing,cryopreservation, survival,crioprotectores,criopreservación,congelamiento

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