18
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      LFP Oscillations in the Mesencephalic Locomotor Region during Voluntary Locomotion

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Oscillatory rhythms in local field potentials (LFPs) are thought to coherently bind cooperating neuronal ensembles to produce behaviors, including locomotion. LFPs recorded from sites that trigger locomotion have been used as a basis for identification of appropriate targets for deep brain stimulation (DBS) to enhance locomotor recovery in patients with gait disorders. Theta band activity (6–12 Hz) is associated with locomotor activity in locomotion-inducing sites in the hypothalamus and in the hippocampus, but the LFPs that occur in the functionally defined mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) during locomotion have not been determined. Here we record the oscillatory activity during treadmill locomotion in MLR sites effective for inducing locomotion with electrical stimulation in rats. The results show the presence of oscillatory theta rhythms in the LFPs recorded from the most effective MLR stimulus sites (at threshold ≤60 μA). Theta activity increased at the onset of locomotion, and its power was correlated with the speed of locomotion. In animals with higher thresholds (>60 μA), the correlation between locomotor speed and theta LFP oscillations was less robust. Changes in the gamma band (previously recorded in vitro in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), thought to be a part of the MLR) were relatively small. Controlled locomotion was best achieved at 10–20 Hz frequencies of MLR stimulation. Our results indicate that theta and not delta or gamma band oscillation is a suitable biomarker for identifying the functional MLR sites.

          Related collections

          Most cited references83

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Graded histological and locomotor outcomes after spinal cord contusion using the NYU weight-drop device versus transection.

          Injury reproducibility is an important characteristic of experimental models of spinal cord injuries (SCI) because it limits the variability in locomotor and anatomical outcome measures. Recently, a more sensitive locomotor rating scale, the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scale (BBB), was developed but had not been tested on rats with severe SCI complete transection. Rats had a 10-g rod dropped from heights of 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 mm onto the exposed cord at Tl 0 using the NYU device. A subset of rats with 25 and 50 mm SCI had subsequent spinal cord transection (SCI + TX) and were compared to rats with transection only (TX) in order to ascertain the dependence of recovery on descending systems. After 7-9 weeks of locomotor testing, the percentage of white matter measured from myelin-stained cross sections through the lesion center was significantly different between all the groups with the exception of 12.5 vs 25 mm and 25 vs 50 mm groups. Locomotor recovery was greatest for the 6.25-mm group and least for the 50-mm group and was correlated positively to the amount of tissue sparing at the lesion center (p 0.05). Thus, spared descending systems appear to modify segmental systems which produce greater behavioral improvements than isolated cord systems.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Decoding the organization of spinal circuits that control locomotion.

            Ole Kiehn (2016)
            Unravelling the functional operation of neuronal networks and linking cellular activity to specific behavioural outcomes are among the biggest challenges in neuroscience. In this broad field of research, substantial progress has been made in studies of the spinal networks that control locomotion. Through united efforts using electrophysiological and molecular genetic network approaches and behavioural studies in phylogenetically diverse experimental models, the organization of locomotor networks has begun to be decoded. The emergent themes from this research are that the locomotor networks have a modular organization with distinct transmitter and molecular codes and that their organization is reconfigured with changes to the speed of locomotion or changes in gait.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Dynamic cross-frequency couplings of local field potential oscillations in rat striatum and hippocampus during performance of a T-maze task.

              Oscillatory rhythms in different frequency ranges mark different behavioral states and are thought to provide distinct temporal windows that coherently bind cooperating neuronal assemblies. However, the rhythms in different bands can also interact with each other, suggesting the possibility of higher-order representations of brain states by such rhythmic activity. To explore this possibility, we analyzed local field potential oscillations recorded simultaneously from the striatum and the hippocampus. As rats performed a task requiring active navigation and decision making, the amplitudes of multiple high-frequency oscillations were dynamically modulated in task-dependent patterns by the phase of cooccurring theta-band oscillations both within and across these structures, particularly during decision-making behavioral epochs. Moreover, the modulation patterns uncovered distinctions among both high- and low-frequency subbands. Cross-frequency coupling of multiple neuronal rhythms could be a general mechanism used by the brain to perform network-level dynamical computations underlying voluntary behavior.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Neural Circuits
                Front Neural Circuits
                Front. Neural Circuits
                Frontiers in Neural Circuits
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1662-5110
                19 May 2017
                2017
                : 11
                : 34
                Affiliations
                [1] 1The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, United States
                [2] 2Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Warsaw, Poland
                [3] 3Department of Physiology, Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB, Canada
                Author notes

                Edited by: Deborah Baro, Georgia State University, United States

                Reviewed by: James Joseph Chrobak, University of Connecticut, United States; Tatiana Korotkova, Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP), Germany

                *Correspondence: Brian R. Noga bnoga@ 123456miami.edu
                Article
                10.3389/fncir.2017.00034
                5437718
                28579945
                cb386095-d2db-42b1-bb2d-0d3267fb0316
                Copyright © 2017 Noga, Sanchez, Villamil, O’Toole, Kasicki, Olszewski, Cabaj, Majczyński, Sławińska and Jordan.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 24 October 2016
                : 28 April 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 8, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 88, Pages: 17, Words: 12461
                Funding
                Funded by: Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation 10.13039/100001305
                Award ID: NA1-1001-2
                Funded by: Craig H. Neilsen Foundation 10.13039/100005191
                Award ID: 190550
                Funded by: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke 10.13039/100000065
                Award ID: 2 R56NS-46404-061A
                Funded by: Canadian Institutes of Health Research 10.13039/501100000024
                Award ID: FRN 115147
                Categories
                Neuroscience
                Original Research

                Neurosciences
                deep brain stimulation,mesencephalic locomotor region,local field potentials,locomotion,spinal cord injury

                Comments

                Comment on this article