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      Occurrence and characterization of Campylobacter spp.isolates in dogs, cats and children Translated title: Ocorrência e caracterização de isolados de Campylobacter spp. em cães, gatos e crianças

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          Abstract

          To improve the understanding of implications of Campylobacterspp. infections in pets and children of different environments were analysed 160 faecal samples from children and 120 from pets (103 dogs and 17 cats). Campylobacter spp. were detected in 6.87% of the children and in 18.3% of the dogs and cats. From 33 stool samples positive for Campylobacter spp., 57.6% were identified as C. jejuni, and 33.4% were identified as C. coli. More than 50% of the isolates in pets were resistant to ceftiofur, sulphazotrim, norfloxacin and tetracycline. In humans, most of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, cefazolin, ceftiofur, erythromycin and norfloxacin. From 19 isolates of C. jejuni, 11 isolates from children and 5 from dogs contained two to four of the virulence genes flaA, pldA, cadF or ciaB.We found an association between the presence of virulence genes and diarrhoea. Furthermore, an association was observed between the presence of Campylobacter spp. and diarrhoea in dewormed pets with blood picture suggestive of bacterial infection, and the therapeutic use of antibiotics was associated with more positive detection of Campylobacterspp. in the faeces of pets. Our data indicate that virulent strains of Campylobacter spp. can be risk factor to diarrhoea in animals, and that high resistance to antimicrobial agents is common in pets.

          Translated abstract

          Com o objetivo de melhorar o entendimento das infecções por Campylobacterspp. em cães, gatos e crianças no Brasil, foram avaliadas 160 amostras fecais de crianças e 120 swabs retais de pets (103 cães e 17 gatos). Do total das amostras das crianças, 6,87% foram positivas para Campylobacter spp. e em cães e gatos a positividade foi de 18,3%. Das 33 amostras positivas para Campylobacter spp., 57,6% foram identificadas como C. jejunie 33,4% foram identificadas como C. coli. Mais de 50% das amostras isoladas de pets foram resistentes a ceftiofur, sulphazotrim, norfloxacina e tetraciclina. Em crianças, a maioria das amostras foi resistente a amoxilina, cefazolina, ceftiofur, eritromicina e norfloxacina. De 19 isolados de C. jejuni, 11 isolados de crianças e cinco (5) de cães tinham dois (2) dos quatro (4) genes de virulência flaA, pldA, cadFor ciaB. Associação positiva entre a presença de Campylobacter spp. e diarreia em cães e gatos foi observada em animais desverminados e com hemograma sugestivo de infecção bacteriana. Também houve associação positiva entre a presença dos genes de virulência e a ocorrência de diarreia, e entre o uso de antibióticos e a positividade para Campylobacterspp. em suabes fecais de pets. Os dados desse trabalho indicam que cepas virulentas de Campylobacter spp. são fatores de risco para diarreia em cães e a resistência antimicrobiana é comum em isolados de cães

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          Most cited references39

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          Epidemiologic and clinical features of Campylobacter jejuni infections.

          Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Campylobacter and of related genera frequently colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of humans, other mammals, and birds. One organism, Campylobacter jejuni, has been recognized as an important human pathogen, usually causing a diarrheal illness. Infection is common throughout the world, but clinical and epidemiologic features differ in developed and developing countries. The high incidence of C. jejuni infections and their propensity to invade tissue and to induce inflammation are compatible with a role in the causation of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
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            Antimicrobial Resistance among Campylobacter Strains, United States, 1997–2001

            We summarize antimicrobial resistance surveillance data in human and chicken isolates of Campylobacter. Isolates were from a sentinel county study from 1989 through 1990 and from nine state health departments participating in National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for enteric bacteria (NARMS) from 1997 through 2001. None of the 297 C. jejuni or C. coli isolates tested from 1989 through 1990 was ciprofloxacin-resistant. From 1997 through 2001, a total of 1,553 human Campylobacter isolates were characterized: 1,471 (95%) were C. jejuni, 63 (4%) were C. coli, and 19 (1%) were other Campylobacter species. The prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter was 13% (28 of 217) in 1997 and 19% (75 of 384) in 2001; erythromycin resistance was 2% (4 of 217) in 1997 and 2% (8 of 384) in 2001. Ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter was isolated from 10% of 180 chicken products purchased from grocery stores in three states in 1999. Ciprofloxacin resistance has emerged among Campylobacter since 1990 and has increased in prevalence since 1997.
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              Gastroenteritis in sentinel general practices,The Netherlands.

              From 1996 to 1999, the incidence of gastroenteritis in general practices and the role of a broad range of pathogens in the Netherlands were studied. All patients with gastroenteritis who had visited a general practitioner were reported. All patients who had visited a general practitioner for gastroenteritis (cases) and an equal number of patients visiting for nongastrointestinal symptoms (controls) were invited to participate in a case-control study. The incidence of gastroenteritis was 79.7 per 10,000 person years. Campylobacter was detected most frequently (10% of cases), followed by Giardia lamblia (5%), rotavirus (5%), Norwalk-like viruses (5%) and Salmonella (4%). Our study found that in the Netherlands (population 15.6 million), an estimated 128,000 persons each year consult their general practitioner for gastroenteritis, slightly less than in a comparable study in 1992 to 1993. A pathogen could be detected in almost 40% of patients (bacteria 16%, viruses 15%, parasites 8%).
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pvb
                Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira
                Pesq. Vet. Bras.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-5150
                April 2015
                : 35
                : 4
                : 365-370
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brazil
                Article
                S0100-736X2015000400365
                10.1590/S0100-736X2015000400009
                cb3b4746-1b6c-4d20-9e6f-7b6962d16452

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-736X&lng=en
                Categories
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine
                Campylobacterspp.,dogs,cats,children,diarrhea,infection,epidemiology,virulence genes,cães,gatos,crianças,diarreia,infecção,epidemiologia,genes de virulência

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