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      Propiedades bioactivas y nutricionales del polen apícola de la provincia del Chubut, Argentina

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          Abstract

          El polen recolectado por las abejas es un producto apícola usado en la dieta humana por su alto valor nutricional y por ser un alimento balanceado. El polen comercializado consiste en una mezcla de pólenes de distinto origen botánico, néctar y secreciones de las abejas. Este producto de la colmena, rico en azúcares, lípidos y compuestos polifenólicos, principalmente flavonoides, presenta, además, propiedades bioactivas tanto farmacológicas como antioxidantes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la composición nutricional y la actividad antioxidante del polen apícola proveniente de las zonas melíferas más importantes de la provincia del Chubut: la región cordillerana y la región del valle inferior del río Chubut (VIRCH). Para determinar el contenido proteico se empleó el método de Bradford y los valores fueron expresados en % (g proteínas/100 g polen seco). Las cantidades de polifenoles totales y flavonoides fueron determinadas mediante los métodos de Folin-Ciocalteu y la técnica espectrofotométrica de nitrato de aluminio [Al(NO3)3] respectivamente. La capacidad antioxidante fue evaluada empleando la técnica del radical libre 1,1-difenil-2 picrilhidracilo (DPPH*). El contenido de proteínas presentó un valor medio de 20,2%. Los contenidos de polifenoles totales y flavonoides para las dos regiones melíferas oscilaron entre 50,5 mg y 163,9 mg de ácido gálico (GAE)/ g de polen seco y 10,3 mg y 65,6 mg de rutina (RE)/ g de polen seco. La actividad antirradicalaria en los extractos polínicos de ambas zonas fue alto y el EC50 varió entre 0,34 mg/ml y 5,82 mg/ml. La mayor capacidad antioxidante correspondió al polen apícola de la región del VIRCH, la cual también presentó un alto contenido de compuestos fenólicos.

          Translated abstract

          Pollen collected by bees is a beekeeping product used in human diet for its high nutritional value and for being a balanced food. It consists in a mixture of pollen with different botanical origin, nectar and bee secretions. This beehive product rich in sugars, lipids and polyphenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids, has also bioactive properties such as pharmacological and antioxidant. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of bee pollen from the most important apicultural areas from Chubut: the Andean region and the region of the lower valley of the Chubut River (VIRCH). Bradford method was used for the determination of protein content and the values were expressed in % (g protein/100 g dry pollen). The amounts of total polyphenols and flavonoids were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the spectrophotometric technique of aluminum nitrate (Al (NO3)3) respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the technique of free radical 1, 1 -diphenyl -2 - picrylhydrazyl (DPPH *). The protein content presented a mean value of 20.2%. The content of total polyphenols and flavonoids from both apicultural regions varied between 50.5 and 163.9 mg of gallic acid (GAE) / g of dry pollen and 10.3 and 65.6 mg of rutin (RE)/ g of dry pollen. The antiradical activity in pollen extracts from both regions was high and the EC50 ranged from 0.34 mg / ml and 5.82 mg / ml. The highest antioxidant capacity corresponded to bee pollen from VIRCH, which also exhibited a higher content of phenolic compounds.

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          Screening of Brazilian plant extracts for antioxidant activity by the use of DPPH free radical method.

          Brazilian plant extracts belonging to 16 species of 5 different families (71 extracts) were tested against the stable DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free-radical. The ability to scavenge DPPH radical was measured in these experiments by the discoloration of the solution. Ginkgo biloba and rutin, commonly used as antioxidants for medical purposes, were used as standards. Based on our results, we can say that as a general rule the ethanol extracts of plants belonging to the Verbenaceae family showed lower EC(50) values than the other plant extracts. Among the partitions, the more polar ones (ethyl acetate and n-butanol) are those that generally have higher antioxidant activity (AA). Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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            Chemical composition and botanical evaluation of dried bee pollen pellets

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              Age-induced diminution of free radical scavenging capacity in bee pollens and the contribution of constituent flavonoids.

              Bee-collected pollen ("bee pollen") is promoted as a health food with a wide range of nutritional and therapeutic properties. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the contribution made through the free radical scavenging capability of bee-collected floval pollens by their flavonoid/phenolics constituents, and to determine whether this capability is affected by aging. The free radical scavenging effectiveness of a bee pollen (EC(50)) as measured by the DPPH method is shown to be determined by the nature and levels of the constituent floral pollens, which can be assayed via their phenolics profiles by HPLC. Each pure floral pollen has been found to possess a consistent EC(50) value, irrespective of its geographic origin or date of collection, and the EC(50) value is determined to a large extent (ca. 50%) by the nature and the levels of the pollen's flavonoids and phenolic acids. Non-phenolic antioxidants, possibly proteins, account for the balance of the activity. Pollen aging over 3 years is demonstrated to reduce the free radical scavenging activity by up to 50% in the most active floral pollens, which tend to contain the highest levels of flavonoids/phenolic acids. It is suggested that the freshness of a bee pollen may be determined from its free radical scavenging capacity relative to that of fresh bee pollen containing the same floral pollen mix.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ria
                RIA. Revista de investigaciones agropecuarias
                RIA. Rev. investig. agropecu.
                Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                1669-2314
                December 2014
                : 40
                : 3
                : 296-302
                Affiliations
                [01] Trelew orgnameUNPSJB orgdiv1FCN orgdiv2Laboratorio de Palinología y Control de Calidad de Mieles y Productos Apícolas Argentina
                Article
                S1669-23142014000300013
                cb4fa5df-db3b-439c-b970-475e8775569e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 December 2014
                : 14 July 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Proteínas,Antioxidants,Bradford,Proteins,Argentinean Patagonia,Antioxidantes,Patagonia argentina

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